mjhjmtu

I want to color only separated nodes? How could I do this? I want also resize the tikzfigure, but I got the error message Undefined control sequence. }

 documentclass[12pt]article
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts

usepackagetikz
usetikzlibraryintersections,matrix

begindocument
beginfigure 
resizebox textwidth ! 
begintikzpicture [nodes in empty cells, nodes=minimum width=0.2cm, minimum height=0.2cm, row sep=-pgflinewidth, column sep=-pgflinewidth] 

 border/.style=draw

matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (3,10) & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,10) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,9) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,8) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,7) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;

matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (3,4) & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,4) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,3) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,2) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,1) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,0) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;

draw [thick,->] (10.3,9.8) -- (10.3,9.2);
node at(10.7,9.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,8.8) -- (10.3,8.2);
node at(10.7,8.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,7.8) -- (10.3,7.2);
node at(10.7,7.5) $T$;

draw [thick,->] (10.3,3.8) -- (10.3,3.2);
node at(10.7,3.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,2.8) -- (10.3,2.2);
node at(10.7,2.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,1.8) -- (10.3,1.2);
node at(10.7,1.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,0.8) -- (10.3,0.2);
node at(10.7,0.5) $T$;

node at (0.5,10) $B_4^0leftarrowmathcalB_7,$$:;
draw[thick,->] (4.5,10) -- node[above] $R_0$ (5.5,10);

node at (3.5,9) $S_127,S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
node at (1.7,8) $S_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
node at (5.3,7) $S'_127$:;

node at (0.5,4) $B_5^0leftarrowmathcalB_3,b$:;
draw[thick,->] (4.5,4) -- node[above] $R_7$ (5.5,4);

node at (5.3,3) $S'_127$:;
node at (3.8,2) $S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
node at (1.7,1) $S'_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
node at (5.3,0) $S'_126$:;

endtikzpicture

endfigure
enddocument

your question is not very clear to me, so i suspect, that you looking for something as you can see in the first two rows of your image:

tel me, if i'm wrong.

edit:

well, apparently i was misunderstood the question. coloring just one cell is simple. using the most of code from my previous answer (which is quite more concise and shorter from yours), you can rewrote your picture code as follows:

documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]standalone
usetikzlibrarymatrix

begindocument
 begintikzpicture
 tikzset
 mtrx/.style=
 matrix of nodes,
 nodes in empty cells,
 nodes=draw, minimum size=2mm,
 row sep=-pgflinewidth,
 column sep=-pgflinewidth,
 
matrix (vector) [mtrx=red] at (3,10) & & & & & & & \
;
matrix (vector) [mtrx=blue!30] at (10,10) & ;
matrix(vector)[mtrx=green] at (10,9) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[mtrx] at (10,8) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[mtrx] at (10,7) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;

matrix(vector)[mtrx] at (3,4) & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[mtrx] at (10,4) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[mtrx] at (10,3) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[mtrx] at (10,2) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[mtrx] at (10,1) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[mtrx] at (10,0) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;

draw [thick,->] (10.3,9.8) -- (10.3,9.2);
node at(10.7,9.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,8.8) -- (10.3,8.2);
node at(10.7,8.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,7.8) -- (10.3,7.2);
node at(10.7,7.5) $T$;

draw [thick,->] (10.3,3.8) -- (10.3,3.2);
node at(10.7,3.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,2.8) -- (10.3,2.2);
node at(10.7,2.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,1.8) -- (10.3,1.2);
node at(10.7,1.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,0.8) -- (10.3,0.2);
node at(10.7,0.5) $T$;

node at (0.5,10) $B_4^0leftarrowmathcalB_7,$$:;
draw[thick,->] (4.5,10) -- node[above] $R_0$ (5.5,10);

node at (3.5,9) $S_127,S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
node at (1.7,8) $S_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
node at (5.3,7) $S'_127$:;

node at (0.5,4) $B_5^0leftarrowmathcalB_3,b$:;
draw[thick,->] (4.5,4) -- node[above] $R_7$ (5.5,4);

node at (5.3,3) $S'_127$:;
node at (3.8,2) $S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
node at (1.7,1) $S'_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
node at (5.3,0) $S'_126$:;

endtikzpicture
enddocument

The only easy solution that I found is to use nested tikzpictures... But it is really simple. Also used svgnames for more colors:

Code:

 documentclass[tikz,svgnames]standalone
 usetikzlibrarymatrix
 usepackagepgf

 newcommandmyfill[1]%This is the command manually adjusted to do the wholev job
 begintikzpicture[overlay, remember picture] 
 draw[draw=none,fill=#1,shift=(-0.11,-0.115)](0,0)rectangle(0.22,0.225);
 endtikzpicture

 begindocument
 begintikzpicture [nodes in empty cells, nodes=minimum width=0.2cm, minimum height=0.2cm, row sep=-pgflinewidth, column sep=-pgflinewidth] 

 border/.style=draw

 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (3,10) & & & & & & & \
 ;
 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,10) myfillRed & & &myfillGreen &myfillBrown & & & myfillBlue!30!Yellow& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & myfillBlue\
 ;
 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,9) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
 ;
 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,8) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
 ;
 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,7) &myfillGreen & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
 ;

 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (3,4) & & & & & & & \
 ;
 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,4) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
 ;
 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,3) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
 ;
 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,2) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
 ;
 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,1) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
 ;
 matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] at (10,0) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
 ;

 draw [thick,->] (10.3,9.8) -- (10.3,9.2);
 node at(10.7,9.5) $oplus$;
 draw [thick,->] (10.3,8.8) -- (10.3,8.2);
 node at(10.7,8.5) $oplus$;
 draw [thick,->] (10.3,7.8) -- (10.3,7.2);
 node at(10.7,7.5) $T$;

 draw [thick,->] (10.3,3.8) -- (10.3,3.2);
 node at(10.7,3.5) $oplus$;
 draw [thick,->] (10.3,2.8) -- (10.3,2.2);
 node at(10.7,2.5) $oplus$;
 draw [thick,->] (10.3,1.8) -- (10.3,1.2);
 node at(10.7,1.5) $oplus$;
 draw [thick,->] (10.3,0.8) -- (10.3,0.2);
 node at(10.7,0.5) $T$;

 node at (0.5,10) $B_4^0leftarrowmathcalB_7,$$:;
 draw[thick,->] (4.5,10) -- node[above] $R_0$ (5.5,10);

 node at (3.5,9) $S_127,S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
 node at (1.7,8) $S_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
 node at (5.3,7) $S'_127$:;

 node at (0.5,4) $B_5^0leftarrowmathcalB_3,b$:;
 draw[thick,->] (4.5,4) -- node[above] $R_7$ (5.5,4);

 node at (5.3,3) $S'_127$:;
 node at (3.8,2) $S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
 node at (1.7,1) $S'_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
 node at (5.3,0) $S'_126$:;

 endtikzpicture
 enddocument

Output:

Edit: After OPS Edit:

documentclass[12pt]article
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts

usepackagetikz
usetikzlibraryintersections,matrix

newcommandmyfill[1]%This is the command manually adjusted to do the wholev job
begintikzpicture[overlay, remember picture] 
draw[draw=none,fill=#1,shift=(-0.13,-0.13)](0,0)rectangle(0.255,0.26);
endtikzpicture

begindocument
beginfigure 
resizebox textwidth ! 
begintikzpicture [nodes in empty cells, nodes=minimum width=0.2cm, minimum height=0.2cm, row sep=-pgflinewidth, column sep=-pgflinewidth] 

 border/.style=draw

matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (3,10) myfillgreen& myfillred& & & & & & myfillbrown\
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (10,10) & & myfillyellow& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (10,9) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (10,8) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (10,7) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;

matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (3,4) &myfillgreen & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (10,4) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (10,3) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (10,2) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (10,1) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw,ampersand replacement=&,] at (10,0) & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;

draw [thick,->] (10.3,9.8) -- (10.3,9.2);
node at(10.7,9.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,8.8) -- (10.3,8.2);
node at(10.7,8.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,7.8) -- (10.3,7.2);
node at(10.7,7.5) $T$;

draw [thick,->] (10.3,3.8) -- (10.3,3.2);
node at(10.7,3.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,2.8) -- (10.3,2.2);
node at(10.7,2.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,1.8) -- (10.3,1.2);
node at(10.7,1.5) $oplus$;
draw [thick,->] (10.3,0.8) -- (10.3,0.2);
node at(10.7,0.5) $T$;

node at (0.5,10) $B_4^0leftarrowmathcalB_7,$$:;
draw[thick,->] (4.5,10) -- node[above] $R_0$ (5.5,10);

node at (3.5,9) $S_127,S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
node at (1.7,8) $S_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
node at (5.3,7) $S'_127$:;

node at (0.5,4) $B_5^0leftarrowmathcalB_3,b$:;
draw[thick,->] (4.5,4) -- node[above] $R_7$ (5.5,4);

node at (5.3,3) $S'_127$:;
node at (3.8,2) $S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
node at (1.7,1) $S'_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
node at (5.3,0) $S'_126$:;

endtikzpicture

endfigure
enddocument

Here is an answer that makes use of resizebox. All you need to do is to put the tikzpicture in a lrbox. As for your real question, you only need to put |[fill=red]| in a given cell to fill the cell. I add some examples to the code.

documentclass[12pt]article
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts

usepackagetikz
usetikzlibraryintersections,matrix,positioning
newsaveboxpicbox
begindocument
beginfigure 
beginlrboxpicbox
begintikzpicture [nodes in empty cells, nodes=minimum width=0.2cm, minimum height=0.2cm, row sep=-pgflinewidth, column sep=-pgflinewidth] 
 border/.style=draw
matrix(vector-1)[matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] [fill=red];
matrix(vector-2)[right=2cm of vector-1,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector-3)[below=1cm of vector-2,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector-4)[below=1cm of vector-3,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector-5)[below=1cm of vector-4,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;

matrix(vector-6)[below=6.5cm of vector-1,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector-7)[right=2cm of vector-6,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] [fill=yellow];
matrix(vector-8)[below=1cm of vector-7,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector-9)[below=1cm of vector-8,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector-10)[below=1cm of vector-9,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
matrix(vector-11)[below=1cm of vector-10,matrix of nodes, nodes=draw] & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \
;
%
foreach X [evaluate=X as Y using int(X-1)] in 3,4,8,9,10
draw[thick,-latex] (vector-Y) -- (vector-X) node[midway,right]$oplus$;
%
foreach X [evaluate=X as Y using int(X-1)] in 5,11
draw[thick,-latex] (vector-Y) -- (vector-X) node[midway,right]$T$;
%
draw[thick,-latex] (vector-1) -- (vector-2) node[midway,above]$R_0$;
draw[thick,-latex] (vector-6) -- (vector-7) node[midway,above]$R_7$;
%
node[left=2mm of vector-1,anchor=east] $B_4^0leftarrowmathcalB_7,$$:;
%
node[left=2mm of vector-3,anchor=east] $S_127,S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
node[left=2mm of vector-4,anchor=east] $S_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
node[left=2mm of vector-5,anchor=east] $S'_127$:;
%
node[left=2mm of vector-6,anchor=east]$B_5^0leftarrowmathcalB_3,b$:;
%
node[left=2mm of vector-8,anchor=east] $S'_127$:;
node[left=2mm of vector-9,anchor=east] $S_0,S_24,S_50,S_75,S_102$:;
node[left=2mm of vector-10,anchor=east] $S'_127oplus S_0oplus S_24oplus S_50oplus S_75oplus S_102oplus R_0(B_0^0)$:;
node[left=2mm of vector-11,anchor=east] $S'_126$:;
%
endtikzpicture
endlrbox
resizeboxtextwidth!useboxpicbox
endfigure
enddocument

A word of caution: it is quite possible that someone may copy my code, add some feature like chains, and claim that this code then becomes much more "concise". I'd kindly ask you to check if this really the case. Your code is already very well structured and thus easy to understand and adjustable. I used used positioning because I think it is advantageous here, and also use foreach loops to repeat things. Personally I would refrain from using chains here for several reasons, one of them being that you lose some flexibility of adjusting positions. Likewise, you could define styles for repeating things, but your code is so well structured that I don't think that makes a big difference. So this is just to say that if someone claims to be more "concise" you should critically ask yourself if that's really true.