Mauthausen


in Upper Austria, Austria





























Mauthausen

Center of Mauthausen
Center of Mauthausen


Coat of arms of Mauthausen
Coat of arms

Location of Mauthausen






Mauthausen is located in Austria

Mauthausen

Mauthausen



Location within Austria

Coordinates: 48°14′31″N 14°31′01″E / 48.24194°N 14.51694°E / 48.24194; 14.51694Coordinates: 48°14′31″N 14°31′01″E / 48.24194°N 14.51694°E / 48.24194; 14.51694
CountryAustria
StateUpper Austria
DistrictPerg
Government

 • Mayor
Thomas Punkenhofer (SPÖ)
Area

 • Total14.03 km2 (5.42 sq mi)
Elevation

265 m (869 ft)
Population
(14 June 2016)[1]

 • Total4,849
 • Density350/km2 (900/sq mi)
Time zone
UTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
4310
Area code07238
Vehicle registrationPE
Websitewww.mauthausen.at

Mauthausen is a small market town in the Austrian state of Upper Austria. It is located at about 20 kilometres east of the city of Linz.


During the Second World War, it became the site of the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp complex.




Contents





  • 1 History


  • 2 Population


  • 3 Tourism


  • 4 References




History


The area of Mauthausen has been settled for many millennia, as shown by archaeological discoveries dating back to the Neolithic age. During the time of the Roman Empire, it was at the crossroads of two trade routes.


At the end of the 10th century it became a toll (Maut in German) station for ships, and the name "Muthusen" for the settlement is first mentioned in 1007


During the First World War, a prisoner of war camp existed to the east of Mauthausen.[2] Italian, Serbian and Russian (at times 40,000 men) soldiers were imprisoned there, around 10,000 of whom died in the camp, mostly Italians, actually half. A war cemetery exists in their memory. The prison had especially guards from Hungary and Romania who were known for their barbaric tortures of the soldiers.[dubious ]


During the Second World War, from 1938 to 1945, one of the first massive concentration camp complexes in Nazi Germany was set up to the west of the town. Inmates were subjected to barbaric conditions, the most infamous of which was being forced to carry heavy stone blocks up 186 steps from the camp quarry. The steps became known as the "Stairway to Death".


Mauthausen experienced flooding from the River Danube in 1954 and 2002.



Population





















































Historical population
YearPop.±%
18692,485—    
18802,808+13.0%
18903,196+13.8%
19003,354+4.9%
19103,545+5.7%
19233,048−14.0%
19343,186+4.5%
19394,378+37.4%
19513,562−18.6%
19613,836+7.7%
19714,432+15.5%
19814,346−1.9%
19914,403+1.3%
20014,845+10.0%
20094,873+0.6%
20154,894+0.4%


Tourism


Places of interest include:


  • Mauthausen concentration camp

  • 15th century church

  • Picturesque old town

  • 16th century Pragstein Castle


References




  1. ^ Statistik Austria - Bevölkerung zu Jahresbeginn 2002-2016 nach Gemeinden, Erstellt am 14.06.2016 (Last accessed 13.12.2016) for Mauthausen.


  2. ^ Mauthausen is listed among Austro-Hungarian POW camps in Beiblatt Nr.13 zum Verordnungsblatt für das k.u.k. Heer from spring 1916, see English language translation.

















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