Goldbach's Conjecture and the totient function
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A while ago, I was somewhat bored, so I decided to plot the number of ways that each even could be expressed as the sum of two primes. The evens are on the x-axis, and the number of different ways (where ordering doesn't matter) is on the y-axis.
This graph is strikingly similar to that of the totient function
Is there any good explanation for the similarity of these graphs? Or am I seeing similarities where there are none?
Update
Upon seeing @RobertIsrael's answer, I decided to do some more plotting. This time, it has been colorized so that multiples of 3 are green, multiples of 5 are red, multiples of 7 are blue, multiples of 15 are yellow, multiples of 21 are cyan, and multiples of 35 are magenta, while multiples of 105 are gray, etc, etc.
My conjecture is that the graph here is more similar to $n-phi(n)$, as it seems to be related to the number of divisors $n$ has. This might also explain why the totient graph looks like an upside-down version of the Goldbach graph.
number-theory prime-numbers totient-function goldbachs-conjecture
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up vote
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A while ago, I was somewhat bored, so I decided to plot the number of ways that each even could be expressed as the sum of two primes. The evens are on the x-axis, and the number of different ways (where ordering doesn't matter) is on the y-axis.
This graph is strikingly similar to that of the totient function
Is there any good explanation for the similarity of these graphs? Or am I seeing similarities where there are none?
Update
Upon seeing @RobertIsrael's answer, I decided to do some more plotting. This time, it has been colorized so that multiples of 3 are green, multiples of 5 are red, multiples of 7 are blue, multiples of 15 are yellow, multiples of 21 are cyan, and multiples of 35 are magenta, while multiples of 105 are gray, etc, etc.
My conjecture is that the graph here is more similar to $n-phi(n)$, as it seems to be related to the number of divisors $n$ has. This might also explain why the totient graph looks like an upside-down version of the Goldbach graph.
number-theory prime-numbers totient-function goldbachs-conjecture
The general form is similar, but you didn't care to write down scales in the first, upper graph... So far, this looks like saying the graphs of $;x^2,,x^4;$ are "similar".
â DonAntonio
4 hours ago
1
I don't find them very similar since the first graph is more like a square root relation and the second graph has somewhat $mathbbR^2$-geodesics-like trends. I really do like the plots though.
â Guus Palmer
4 hours ago
@DonAntonio Oh the scales are nearly unreadable. I'll fix that momentarily.
â Rushabh Mehta
4 hours ago
1
@DonAntonio Please see edits!
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
@Downvoter is there something else you'd like to see?
â Rushabh Mehta
2 hours ago
 |Â
show 1 more comment
up vote
3
down vote
favorite
up vote
3
down vote
favorite
A while ago, I was somewhat bored, so I decided to plot the number of ways that each even could be expressed as the sum of two primes. The evens are on the x-axis, and the number of different ways (where ordering doesn't matter) is on the y-axis.
This graph is strikingly similar to that of the totient function
Is there any good explanation for the similarity of these graphs? Or am I seeing similarities where there are none?
Update
Upon seeing @RobertIsrael's answer, I decided to do some more plotting. This time, it has been colorized so that multiples of 3 are green, multiples of 5 are red, multiples of 7 are blue, multiples of 15 are yellow, multiples of 21 are cyan, and multiples of 35 are magenta, while multiples of 105 are gray, etc, etc.
My conjecture is that the graph here is more similar to $n-phi(n)$, as it seems to be related to the number of divisors $n$ has. This might also explain why the totient graph looks like an upside-down version of the Goldbach graph.
number-theory prime-numbers totient-function goldbachs-conjecture
A while ago, I was somewhat bored, so I decided to plot the number of ways that each even could be expressed as the sum of two primes. The evens are on the x-axis, and the number of different ways (where ordering doesn't matter) is on the y-axis.
This graph is strikingly similar to that of the totient function
Is there any good explanation for the similarity of these graphs? Or am I seeing similarities where there are none?
Update
Upon seeing @RobertIsrael's answer, I decided to do some more plotting. This time, it has been colorized so that multiples of 3 are green, multiples of 5 are red, multiples of 7 are blue, multiples of 15 are yellow, multiples of 21 are cyan, and multiples of 35 are magenta, while multiples of 105 are gray, etc, etc.
My conjecture is that the graph here is more similar to $n-phi(n)$, as it seems to be related to the number of divisors $n$ has. This might also explain why the totient graph looks like an upside-down version of the Goldbach graph.
number-theory prime-numbers totient-function goldbachs-conjecture
number-theory prime-numbers totient-function goldbachs-conjecture
edited 17 mins ago
asked 4 hours ago
Rushabh Mehta
3,687329
3,687329
The general form is similar, but you didn't care to write down scales in the first, upper graph... So far, this looks like saying the graphs of $;x^2,,x^4;$ are "similar".
â DonAntonio
4 hours ago
1
I don't find them very similar since the first graph is more like a square root relation and the second graph has somewhat $mathbbR^2$-geodesics-like trends. I really do like the plots though.
â Guus Palmer
4 hours ago
@DonAntonio Oh the scales are nearly unreadable. I'll fix that momentarily.
â Rushabh Mehta
4 hours ago
1
@DonAntonio Please see edits!
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
@Downvoter is there something else you'd like to see?
â Rushabh Mehta
2 hours ago
 |Â
show 1 more comment
The general form is similar, but you didn't care to write down scales in the first, upper graph... So far, this looks like saying the graphs of $;x^2,,x^4;$ are "similar".
â DonAntonio
4 hours ago
1
I don't find them very similar since the first graph is more like a square root relation and the second graph has somewhat $mathbbR^2$-geodesics-like trends. I really do like the plots though.
â Guus Palmer
4 hours ago
@DonAntonio Oh the scales are nearly unreadable. I'll fix that momentarily.
â Rushabh Mehta
4 hours ago
1
@DonAntonio Please see edits!
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
@Downvoter is there something else you'd like to see?
â Rushabh Mehta
2 hours ago
The general form is similar, but you didn't care to write down scales in the first, upper graph... So far, this looks like saying the graphs of $;x^2,,x^4;$ are "similar".
â DonAntonio
4 hours ago
The general form is similar, but you didn't care to write down scales in the first, upper graph... So far, this looks like saying the graphs of $;x^2,,x^4;$ are "similar".
â DonAntonio
4 hours ago
1
1
I don't find them very similar since the first graph is more like a square root relation and the second graph has somewhat $mathbbR^2$-geodesics-like trends. I really do like the plots though.
â Guus Palmer
4 hours ago
I don't find them very similar since the first graph is more like a square root relation and the second graph has somewhat $mathbbR^2$-geodesics-like trends. I really do like the plots though.
â Guus Palmer
4 hours ago
@DonAntonio Oh the scales are nearly unreadable. I'll fix that momentarily.
â Rushabh Mehta
4 hours ago
@DonAntonio Oh the scales are nearly unreadable. I'll fix that momentarily.
â Rushabh Mehta
4 hours ago
1
1
@DonAntonio Please see edits!
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
@DonAntonio Please see edits!
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
@Downvoter is there something else you'd like to see?
â Rushabh Mehta
2 hours ago
@Downvoter is there something else you'd like to see?
â Rushabh Mehta
2 hours ago
 |Â
show 1 more comment
1 Answer
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It appears that the numbers divisible by $6$ tend to have more representations than those $equiv 2$ or $4 mod 6$. This is because if
$n = x + y$ with $x <y$ odd and not divisible by $3$, $n equiv 2 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 1 mod 6$, $n equiv 4 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 5 mod 6$, but $n equiv 0 mod 6$ can
have either $x equiv 1$, $y equiv 5$ or $x equiv 5$, $y equiv 1 mod 6$.
Here's a plot of the number of representations of even numbers up to $10000$, with those $equiv 2mod 6$ in green, $4 mod 6$ in blue, $0mod 6$ in red.
Is the upper cluster in the red region due to $nequiv 0pmod24$ or something similar?
â vadim123
3 hours ago
Wow, excellent answer +1. I decided to add more to the question upon further investigation thanks to your insight?
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
add a comment |Â
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
3
down vote
It appears that the numbers divisible by $6$ tend to have more representations than those $equiv 2$ or $4 mod 6$. This is because if
$n = x + y$ with $x <y$ odd and not divisible by $3$, $n equiv 2 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 1 mod 6$, $n equiv 4 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 5 mod 6$, but $n equiv 0 mod 6$ can
have either $x equiv 1$, $y equiv 5$ or $x equiv 5$, $y equiv 1 mod 6$.
Here's a plot of the number of representations of even numbers up to $10000$, with those $equiv 2mod 6$ in green, $4 mod 6$ in blue, $0mod 6$ in red.
Is the upper cluster in the red region due to $nequiv 0pmod24$ or something similar?
â vadim123
3 hours ago
Wow, excellent answer +1. I decided to add more to the question upon further investigation thanks to your insight?
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
add a comment |Â
up vote
3
down vote
It appears that the numbers divisible by $6$ tend to have more representations than those $equiv 2$ or $4 mod 6$. This is because if
$n = x + y$ with $x <y$ odd and not divisible by $3$, $n equiv 2 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 1 mod 6$, $n equiv 4 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 5 mod 6$, but $n equiv 0 mod 6$ can
have either $x equiv 1$, $y equiv 5$ or $x equiv 5$, $y equiv 1 mod 6$.
Here's a plot of the number of representations of even numbers up to $10000$, with those $equiv 2mod 6$ in green, $4 mod 6$ in blue, $0mod 6$ in red.
Is the upper cluster in the red region due to $nequiv 0pmod24$ or something similar?
â vadim123
3 hours ago
Wow, excellent answer +1. I decided to add more to the question upon further investigation thanks to your insight?
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
add a comment |Â
up vote
3
down vote
up vote
3
down vote
It appears that the numbers divisible by $6$ tend to have more representations than those $equiv 2$ or $4 mod 6$. This is because if
$n = x + y$ with $x <y$ odd and not divisible by $3$, $n equiv 2 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 1 mod 6$, $n equiv 4 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 5 mod 6$, but $n equiv 0 mod 6$ can
have either $x equiv 1$, $y equiv 5$ or $x equiv 5$, $y equiv 1 mod 6$.
Here's a plot of the number of representations of even numbers up to $10000$, with those $equiv 2mod 6$ in green, $4 mod 6$ in blue, $0mod 6$ in red.
It appears that the numbers divisible by $6$ tend to have more representations than those $equiv 2$ or $4 mod 6$. This is because if
$n = x + y$ with $x <y$ odd and not divisible by $3$, $n equiv 2 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 1 mod 6$, $n equiv 4 mod 6$ requires $x, y equiv 5 mod 6$, but $n equiv 0 mod 6$ can
have either $x equiv 1$, $y equiv 5$ or $x equiv 5$, $y equiv 1 mod 6$.
Here's a plot of the number of representations of even numbers up to $10000$, with those $equiv 2mod 6$ in green, $4 mod 6$ in blue, $0mod 6$ in red.
edited 3 hours ago
answered 3 hours ago
Robert Israel
311k23202447
311k23202447
Is the upper cluster in the red region due to $nequiv 0pmod24$ or something similar?
â vadim123
3 hours ago
Wow, excellent answer +1. I decided to add more to the question upon further investigation thanks to your insight?
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
add a comment |Â
Is the upper cluster in the red region due to $nequiv 0pmod24$ or something similar?
â vadim123
3 hours ago
Wow, excellent answer +1. I decided to add more to the question upon further investigation thanks to your insight?
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
Is the upper cluster in the red region due to $nequiv 0pmod24$ or something similar?
â vadim123
3 hours ago
Is the upper cluster in the red region due to $nequiv 0pmod24$ or something similar?
â vadim123
3 hours ago
Wow, excellent answer +1. I decided to add more to the question upon further investigation thanks to your insight?
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
Wow, excellent answer +1. I decided to add more to the question upon further investigation thanks to your insight?
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
add a comment |Â
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The general form is similar, but you didn't care to write down scales in the first, upper graph... So far, this looks like saying the graphs of $;x^2,,x^4;$ are "similar".
â DonAntonio
4 hours ago
1
I don't find them very similar since the first graph is more like a square root relation and the second graph has somewhat $mathbbR^2$-geodesics-like trends. I really do like the plots though.
â Guus Palmer
4 hours ago
@DonAntonio Oh the scales are nearly unreadable. I'll fix that momentarily.
â Rushabh Mehta
4 hours ago
1
@DonAntonio Please see edits!
â Rushabh Mehta
3 hours ago
@Downvoter is there something else you'd like to see?
â Rushabh Mehta
2 hours ago