Biomolecular complex


Biomolecular complex, also called macromolecular complex or biomacromolecular complex, is any biological complex made of more than one molecule of protein, RNA, DNA,
[1]lipids, carbohydrates. The interactions between these biomolecules are non-covalent.
[2]
Examples:



  • Protein complexes, some of which are multienzyme complexes: proteasome, DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, RNA polymerase II holoenzyme, symmetric viral capsids, chaperonin complex GroEL-GroES, photosystem I, ATP synthase, ferritin.

  • RNA-protein complexes: ribosome, spliceosome, vault, SnRNP. Such complexes in cell nucleus are called ribonucleoproteins (RNPs).

  • DNA-protein complexes: nucleosome.

  • Protein-lipid complexes: lipoprotein.[3][4]

The biomacromolecular complexes are studied structurally by X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy of proteins, cryo-electron microscopy and successive single particle analysis, and electron tomography.
[5]
The atomic structure models obtained by X-ray crystallography and biomolecular NMR spectroscopy can be docked into the much larger structures of biomolecular complexes obtained by lower resolution techniques like electron microscopy, electron tomography, and small-angle X-ray scattering.
[6]



See also


  • Quaternary structure

  • Multiprotein complex


  • Macromolecular assembly: macromolecular assembly in biology is the same as biomacromolecular complex.


  • Organelle: the broadest definition of "organelle" includes not only membrane bound cellular structures, but also very large biomolecular complexes.

  • Multi-state modeling of biomolecules


References




  1. ^ Kleinjung, Jens; Franca Fraternali (2005-07-01). "POPSCOMP: an automated interaction analysis of biomolecular complexes". Nucleic Acids Research. 33 (suppl 2): W342–W346. doi:10.1093/nar/gki369. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC 1160130. PMID 15980485. Retrieved 2013-11-14..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  2. ^ Moore, Peter B. (2012). "How Should We Think About the Ribosome?". Annual Review of Biophysics. 41 (1): 1–19. doi:10.1146/annurev-biophys-050511-102314. PMID 22577819.



  3. ^
    Dutta, Shuchismita; Berman, Helen M. (2005-03-01). "Large Macromolecular Complexes in the Protein Data Bank: A Status Report". Structure. 13 (3): 381–388. doi:10.1016/j.str.2005.01.008. ISSN 0969-2126. PMID 15766539. Retrieved 2018-07-11.


  4. ^ Russell, Robert B; Frank Alber; Patrick Aloy; Fred P Davis; Dmitry Korkin; Matthieu Pichaud; Maya Topf; Andrej Sali (June 2004). "A structural perspective on protein–protein interactions". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 14 (3): 313–324. doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2004.04.006. ISSN 0959-440X. PMID 15193311. Retrieved 2013-04-13.


  5. ^ van Dijk, Aalt D. J.; Rolf Boelens; Alexandre M. J. J. Bonvin (2005). "Data-driven docking for the study of biomolecular complexes". FEBS Journal. 272 (2): 293–312. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2004.04473.x. ISSN 1742-4658.




Further reading



  • .mw-parser-output .smallcapsfont-variant:small-caps
    Berg, J.
    Tymoczko, J. and
    Stryer, L., Biochemistry. (W. H. Freeman and Company, 2002),
    ISBN 0-7167-4955-6



  • Cox, M. and
    Nelson, D. L., Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. (Palgrave Macmillan, 2004),
    ISBN 0-7167-4339-6








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