Federated state




A territorial and constitutional community forming part of a federal union

A federated state (which may also be referred to as a state, a province, a region, a canton, a country) is a territorial and constitutional community forming part of a federation.[1] Such states differ from fully sovereign states, in that they do not have full sovereign powers, as the sovereign powers have been divided between the federated states and the central or federal government. Importantly, federated states do not have standing as entities of international law. Instead, the federal union as a single entity is the sovereign state for purposes of international law.[2] Depending on the constitutional structure of a particular federation, a federated state can hold various degrees of legislative, judicial and administrative jurisdiction over a defined geographic territory and is a form of regional government.


In some cases, a federation is created from a union of political entities, which are either independent, or dependent territories of another sovereign entity (most commonly a colonial power).[3] In other cases, federated states have been created out of the regions of previously unitary states.[4] Once a federal constitution is formed, the rules governing the relationship between federal and regional powers become part of the country's constitutional law and not international law.


In countries with federal constitutions, there is a division of power between the central government and the component states. These entities - states, provinces, counties, cantons, Länder, etc. - are partially self-governing and are afforded a degree of constitutionally guaranteed autonomy that varies substantially from one federation to another.[5] Depending on the form the decentralization of powers takes, a federated state's legislative powers may or may not be overruled or vetoed by the federal government. Laws governing the relationship between federal and regional powers can be amended through the national or federal constitution, and, if they exist, state constitutions as well.




Contents





  • 1 Differences in terminology


  • 2 List of constituents by federation


  • 3 See also


  • 4 Notes


  • 5 References




Differences in terminology


Federated states typically, though not necessarily, use differences in the terminology of institutions to which there is an analogous federal-level equivalent. This list is a demonstration of common—though neither exhaustive nor universal—terminology differences between the state and federal levels:




















































Class of institutionFederal-level titleState-level title

HEAD OF STATE
Republican
President
Governor
Republican - Deputy
Vice-President
Lieutenant-Governor
Monarchical
Queen / King
Queen / King
Monarchical - Representative
Governor General
Governor / Lieutenant Governor

EXECUTIVE BRANCH
Head of Government
Prime Minister
President
Premier
Chief Minister
Minister-President
Governor
Head of Department
Minister
Secretary
Minister
Commissioner
Superintendent
Executive Body
Cabinet
Cabinet
Privy Council
Executive Council
Government
State Council
Council of Ministers
Board of Ministers

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
Legislative Body
Parliament
Parliament
Legislature
Congress
State Council
National Assembly
General Assembly
Upper House
Senate
Senate
Legislative Council
Lower House
House of Commons
House of Representatives
Legislative Assembly
Chamber of Deputies
Landtag
National Assembly
House of Assembly

JUDICIAL BRANCH
Highest Court
Supreme Court
High Court
High Court
Court of Final Appeal


List of constituents by federation


The "federated units" in the table below have inherent governmental authority in the federation's constitutional system, while the "other units" are delegated authority by the federal government or are administered directly by it (see federal district and federal territory).


C indicates federal capital (or federated units that contain it).
D indicates actively disputed territory by other sovereign states or the international community.






















































































FederationFederated unitsOther units

 Argentina[6]

23 provinces:


  •  Buenos Aires


  •  Catamarca


  •  Chaco


  •  Chubut


  •  Córdoba


  •  Corrientes


  •  Entre Ríos


  •  Formosa


  •  Jujuy


  •  La Pampa


  •  La Rioja


  •  Mendoza


  •  Misiones


  •  Neuquén


  •  Río Negro


  •  Salta


  •  San Juan


  •  San Luis


  •  Santa Cruz


  •  Santa Fe


  •  Santiago del Estero


  •  Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur


  •  Tucumán



1 autonomous city:


  •  Buenos AiresC


 Australia[7]

6 states:


  •  New South Wales


  •  Queensland


  •  South Australia


  •  Tasmania


  •  Victoria


  •  Western Australia



10 territories:


  •  Australian Capital TerritoryC


  •  Northern Territory


  •  Christmas Island


  •  Cocos (Keeling) Islands


  •  Norfolk Island[8]


  •  Jervis Bay Territory


  •  Ashmore and Cartier Islands


  •  Australian Antarctic Territory


  •  Coral Sea Islands Territory


  •  Heard Island and McDonald Islands



 Austria[9]

9 states:


  •  ViennaC


  •  Lower Austria


  •  Upper Austria


  •  Styria


  •  Tyrol


  •  Carinthia


  •  Salzburg


  •  Vorarlberg


  •  Burgenland




 Belgium[10]

3 regions:[N 1]


  •  Flanders


  •  Wallonia


  •  Brussels-CapitalC




3 communities:[N 2]


  •  FlemishC


  •  FrenchC


  •  German-speaking



 Bosnia and Herzegovina

2 entities:[8]


  •  Republika Srpska


  • Federation of Bosnia and HerzegovinaC



1 self-governing district:


  • Brčko (officially condominium of both constituents)

The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is itself a federation of 10 cantons:


  • Una-Sana


  • Posavina


  • Tuzla


  • Zenica-Doboj


  • Bosnian Podrinje


  • Central Bosnia


  • Herzegovina-Neretva


  • West Herzegovina


  • SarajevoC


  • Herzeg-Bosnia



 Brazil[11]

26 states:


  •  Acre


  •  Amapá


  •  Amazonas


  •  Pará


  •  Rondônia


  •  Roraima


  •  Tocantins


  •  Alagoas


  •  Bahia


  •  Ceará


  •  Maranhão


  •  Paraíba


  •  Pernambuco


  •  Piauí


  •  Rio Grande do Norte


  •  Sergipe


  •  Goiás


  •  Mato Grosso


  •  Mato Grosso do Sul


  •  Espírito Santo


  •  Minas Gerais


  •  Rio de Janeiro


  •  São Paulo


  •  Paraná


  •  Rio Grande do Sul


  •  Santa Catarina




1 federal district:


  •  Distrito FederalC[N 3]


5,568 municipalities[N 4][12]

 Canada[13]

10 provinces:


  •  Alberta


  •  British Columbia


  •  Manitoba


  •  New Brunswick


  •  Newfoundland and Labrador


  •  Nova Scotia


  •  OntarioC


  •  Prince Edward Island


  •  Quebec


  •  Saskatchewan



3 territories:


  •  Northwest Territories


  •  Nunavut


  •  Yukon



 Comoros

3 islands:[8]


  •  Anjouan


  •  Grande ComoreC


  •  Mohéli




 Ethiopia[14]

9 regions:


  • Afar


  • Amhara


  • Benishangul-Gumuz


  • Gambela


  • Harari


  • Oromia


  • Somali


  • Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region


  • Tigray



2 chartered cities:


  • Addis AbabaC

  • Dire Dawa



 Germany[15]

16 states:


  •  Baden-Württemberg


  •  Bavaria


  •  BerlinC


  •  Brandenburg


  •  Bremen


  •  Hamburg


  •  Hesse


  •  Mecklenburg-Vorpommern


  •  Lower Saxony


  •  North Rhine-Westphalia


  •  Rhineland-Palatinate


  •  Saarland


  •  Saxony


  •  Saxony-Anhalt


  •  Schleswig-Holstein


  •  Thuringia




 India[16]

29 states:

  • Andhra Pradesh

  • Arunachal Pradesh

  • Assam

  • Bihar

  • Chhattisgarh

  • Goa

  • Gujarat

  • Haryana

  • Himachal Pradesh


  •  Jammu and KashmirD

  • Jharkhand

  • Karnataka

  • Kerala

  • Madhya Pradesh

  • Maharashtra

  • Manipur

  • Meghalaya

  • Mizoram

  • Nagaland

  • Odisha

  • Punjab

  • Rajasthan

  • Sikkim

  • Tamil Nadu

  • Telangana

  • Tripura

  • Uttar Pradesh

  • Uttarakhand

  • West Bengal



7 union territories:

  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands

  • Chandigarh

  • Dadra and Nagar Haveli

  • Daman and Diu

  • Lakshadweep


  • National Capital Territory of DelhiC

  • Puducherry



 Iraq[17]

19 governorates:

  • Al Anbar

  • Arbil

  • Babil


  • BaghdadC


  • Basra

  • Dhi Qar

  • Diyala

  • Dohuk

  • Halabja

  • Karbala

  • Kirkuk

  • Maysan

  • Muthanna

  • Najaf

  • Nineveh

  • Al-Qādisiyyah

  • Saladin

  • Sulaymaniyah

  • Wasit



1 autonomous region:


  •  Iraqi Kurdistan[8][N 5]


 Malaysia[18]

13 states:


  •  Johor


  •  Kedah


  •  Kelantan


  •  Malacca


  •  Negeri Sembilan


  •  Pahang


  •  Penang


  •  Perak


  •  Perlis


  •  Sabah


  •  Sarawak


  •  Selangor


  •  Terengganu



3 federal territories:


  •  Putrajaya


  •  Kuala LumpurC


  •  Labuan



 Mexico[19]

31 states:


  •  Aguascalientes


  •  Baja California


  •  Baja California Sur


  •  Campeche


  •  Chiapas


  •  Chihuahua


  •  Coahuila


  •  Colima


  •  Durango


  •  Guanajuato


  •  Guerrero


  •  Hidalgo


  •  Jalisco


  •  México


  •  Michoacán


  •  Morelos


  •  Nayarit


  •  Nuevo León


  •  Oaxaca


  •  Puebla


  •  Querétaro


  •  Quintana Roo


  •  San Luis Potosí


  •  Sinaloa


  •  Sonora


  •  Tabasco


  •  Tamaulipas


  •  Tlaxcala


  •  Veracruz


  •  Yucatán


  •  Zacatecas




1 autonomous city:


  •  Mexico CityC


 Micronesia[20]

4 states:


  •  Chuuk


  •  Kosrae


  •  PohnpeiC


  •  Yap




   Nepal

7 provinces:

  • Province No. 1

  • Province No. 2


  • Province No. 3C

  • Gandaki Pradesh

  • Province No. 5

  • Karnali Pradesh

  • Sudurpashchim Pradesh




 Nigeria[21]

36 states:


  • Abia


  • Adamawa

  • Akwa Ibom

  • Anambra

  • Bauchi


  • Bayelsa

  • Benue


  • Borno


  • Cross River


  • Delta

  • Ebonyi


  • Edo


  • Ekiti

  • Enugu


  • Gombe

  • Imo

  • Jigawa


  • Kaduna

  • Kano


  • Katsina

  • Kebbi


  • Kogi


  • Kwara


  • Lagos


  • Nasarawa

  • Niger


  • Ogun


  • Ondo


  • Osun


  • Oyo

  • Plateau


  • Rivers

  • Sokoto

  • Taraba


  • Yobe


  • Zamfara



1 territory:


  • Federal Capital TerritoryC


 Pakistan[22]

4 provinces:


  •  Balochistan


  •  Khyber Pakhtunkhwa


  •  Punjab


  •  Sindh



2 autonomous territories:[8]


  •  Azad Jammu and KashmirD


  •  Gilgit-Baltistan


D

1 federal territory:

 Islamabad Capital TerritoryC



 Russia[23][24]

46 oblasts:


  •  Amur


  •  Arkhangelsk


  •  Astrakhan


  •  Belgorod


  •  Bryansk


  •  Chelyabinsk


  •  Irkutsk


  •  Ivanovo


  •  Kaliningrad


  •  Kaluga


  •  Kemerovo


  •  Kirov


  •  Kostroma


  •  Kurgan


  •  Kursk


  •  Leningrad


  •  Lipetsk


  •  Magadan


  •  Moscow Oblast


  •  Murmansk


  •  Nizhny Novgorod


  •  Novgorod


  •  Novosibirsk


  •  Omsk


  •  Orenburg


  •  Oryol


  •  Penza


  •  Pskov


  •  Rostov


  •  Ryazan


  •  Sakhalin


  •  Samara


  •  Saratov


  •  Smolensk


  •  Sverdlovsk


  •  Tambov


  •  Tomsk


  •  Tver


  •  Tula


  •  Tyumen


  •  Ulyanovsk


  •  Vladimir


  •  Volgograd


  •  Vologda


  •  Voronezh


  •  Yaroslavl




22 republics:[8]


  •  Adygea


  •  Altai Republic


  •  Bashkortostan


  •  Buryatia


  •  Chechnya


  •  Chuvashia


  •  CrimeaD


  •  Dagestan


  •  Ingushetia


  •  Kabardino-Balkaria


  •  Kalmykia


  •  Karachay-Cherkessia


  •  Karelia


  •  Khakassia


  •  Komi


  •  Mari El


  •  Mordovia


  •  North Ossetia-Alania


  •  Sakha


  •  Tatarstan


  •  Tuva


  •  Udmurtia



9 krais:


  •  Altai Krai


  •  Kamchatka


  •  Khabarovsk


  •  Krasnodar


  •  Krasnoyarsk


  •  Perm


  •  Primorsky


  •  Stavropol


  •  Zabaykalsky



4 autonomous okrugs:[8]


  •  Chukotka


  •  Khanty–Mansi


  •  Nenets


  •  Yamalo-Nenets



3 federal cities:


  •  MoscowC


  •  Saint Petersburg


  •  SevastopolD



1 autonomous oblast:[8]


  •  Jewish Autonomous Oblast


 Saint Kitts and Nevis

2 states:


  • Saint KittsC[N 6]


  •  Nevis




 Somalia[25][26]

6 federal member states:[N 7]


  •  Galmudug


  • Hirshabelle


  •  Jubaland


  •  Puntland


  •  Somaliland


  • South West SomaliaC




 South Sudan

28 states:

  • Aweil

  • Aweil East

  • Eastern Lakes

  • Gogrial

  • Gok

  • Lol

  • Tonj

  • Twic

  • Wau

  • Western Lakes

  • Amadi

  • Gbudwe

  • Imatong


  • JubekC

  • Maridi

  • Namorunyang

  • Terekeka

  • Yei River

  • Boma

  • Eastern Bieh

  • Eastern Nile


  •  Jonglei

  • Latjoor

  • Northern Liech

  • Ruweng

  • Southern Liech

  • Western Bieh

  • Western Nile




 Sudan[27]

18 states:

  • Al Jazirah

  • Blue Nile

  • Sennar

  • White Nile

  • Central Darfur

  • East Darfur

  • North Darfur

  • South Darfur

  • West Darfur

  • Kassala

  • Al Qadarif

  • Red Sea


  • KhartoumC


  • North Kurdufan

  • South Kurdufan

  • West Kurdufan

  • Northern

  • River Nile




  Switzerland[28]

26 cantons:


  •  Aargau


  •  Appenzell Ausserrhoden


  •  Appenzell Innerrhoden


  •  Basel-Landschaft


  •  Basel-Stadt


  •  BernC


  •  Fribourg


  •  Geneva


  •  Glarus


  •  Grisons


  •  Jura


  •  Lucerne


  •  Neuchâtel


  •  Nidwalden


  •  Obwalden


  •  Schaffhausen


  •  Schwyz


  •  Solothurn


  •  St. Gallen


  •  Thurgau


  •  Ticino


  •  Uri


  •  Valais


  •  Vaud


  •  Zug


  •  Zürich




 United Arab Emirates[29]

7 emirates:


  •  Abu DhabiC


  •  Ajman


  •  Dubai


  •  Fujairah


  •  Ras Al Khaimah


  •  Sharjah


  •  Umm al-Quwain




 United States[30]

50 states:


  •  Alabama


  •  Alaska


  •  Arizona


  •  Arkansas


  •  California


  •  Colorado


  •  Connecticut


  •  Delaware


  •  Florida


  •  Georgia


  •  Hawaii


  •  Idaho


  •  Illinois


  •  Indiana


  •  Iowa


  •  Kansas


  •  Kentucky


  •  Louisiana


  •  Maine


  •  Maryland


  •  Massachusetts


  •  Michigan


  •  Minnesota


  •  Mississippi


  •  Missouri


  •  Montana


  •  Nebraska


  •  Nevada


  •  New Hampshire


  •  New Jersey


  •  New Mexico


  •  New York


  •  North Carolina


  •   North Dakota


  •  Ohio


  •  Oklahoma


  •  Oregon


  •  Pennsylvania


  •  Rhode Island


  •  South Carolina


  •  South Dakota


  •  Tennessee


  •  Texas


  •  Utah


  •  Vermont


  •  Virginia


  •  Washington


  •  West Virginia


  •  Wisconsin


  •  Wyoming



1 federal district:


  •  District of ColumbiaC


1 incorporated territory:

  • Palmyra Atoll


15 unincorporated territories:


  •  American Samoa


  •  Guam


  •  Northern Mariana Islands


  •  Puerto Rico


  •  U.S. Virgin Islands

    • Baker Island

    • Howland Island

    • Jarvis Island

    • Johnston Atoll

    • Kingman Reef

    • Midway Atoll

    • Navassa Island


    • Wake Island[N 8]




 Venezuela[31]

23 states:


  •  Amazonas


  •  Anzoátegui


  •  Apure


  •  Aragua


  •  Barinas


  •  Bolívar


  •  Carabobo


  •  Cojedes


  •  Delta Amacuro


  •  Falcón


  • Flag of Guárico.svg Guárico


  •  Lara


  •  Mérida


  •  Miranda


  •  Monagas


  •  Nueva Esparta


  •  Portuguesa


  •  Sucre


  •  Táchira


  •  Trujillo


  •  Vargas


  •  Yaracuy


  •  Zulia



1 capital district:


  • Caracas Distrito CapitalC


1 federal dependency:


  •  Federal Dependencies of Venezuela


See also


  • Associated state

  • Constituent state

  • Federal district

  • Federal territory

  • Federation

  • List of autonomous areas by country

  • List of sovereign states

  • Supranational union

  • List of administrative divisions by country


Notes




  1. ^ Flanders and Wallonia are subdivided into five provinces each, which are mandated by the Constitution of Belgium. Provincial governance are the responsibility of the regional governments.


  2. ^ The communities and regions are separate government institutions with different areas of responsibility. The communities are organized based on linguistic boundaries, which are different from regional boundaries.


  3. ^ The federal district has a level of self-ruling equal to the other main federal units.


  4. ^ The 1988 Brazilian Constitution treats the municipalities as parts of the Federation and not simply dependent subdivisions of the states.


  5. ^ The region overlaps the area of the governorates.


  6. ^ Saint Kitts is governed directly by the federal government.


  7. ^ Adopted constitution accommodates existing regional governments, with the ultimate number and boundaries of the Federal Member States to be determined by the House of the People of the Federal Parliament.


  8. ^ The United States also claims Bajo Nuevo Bank and Serranilla Bank.




References




  1. ^ The Australian National Dictionary: Fourth Edition, pg 1395. (2004) Canberra. .mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
    ISBN 978-0-19-551771-2.



  2. ^ Crawford, J. (2006). The Creation of States in International Law. Oxford, Clarendon Press.


  3. ^ Examples are Australia and the United States.


  4. ^ This occurred in Belgium in 1993. The Belgian regions had previously devolved powers.


  5. ^ For instance, Canadian provinces and Swiss cantons possess substantially more powers and enjoy more protection against interference and infringements from the central government than most non-Western federations.


  6. ^ Daniel, Kate; Special Broadcasting Service Corporation (2008). SBS World Guide: The Complete Fact File on Every Country, 16th ed. Prahran, Victoria, Australia: Hardie Grant Books. p. 827. ISBN 978-1-74066-648-0. p26.


  7. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p38


  8. ^ abcdefgh Autonomous region. See more at List of autonomous areas by country


  9. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p46


  10. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p74


  11. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p101


  12. ^ Article 18


  13. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p132


  14. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p239


  15. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p275


  16. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p328


  17. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p346


  18. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p460


  19. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p481


  20. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p486


  21. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p537


  22. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p549


  23. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p600


  24. ^ Federal structure of Russia, Article 65 of Russian Constitution.


  25. ^ "The Federal Republic of Somalia - Harmonized Draft Constitution" (PDF). Federal Republic of Somalia. Retrieved 2 August 2012.


  26. ^ "Guidebook to the Somali Draft Provisional Constitution". Archived from the original on 14 August 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.


  27. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p687


  28. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p700


  29. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p760


  30. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p774


  31. ^ SBS World Guide 2008, p798











Popular posts from this blog

How to check contact read email or not when send email to Individual?

Displaying single band from multi-band raster using QGIS

How many registers does an x86_64 CPU actually have?