Convolvulaceae
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| Bindweed family | |
|---|---|
 | |
Ipomoea imperati | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Solanales |
| Family: | Convolvulaceae Juss. |
Type genus | |
Convolvulus L. | |
| Genera | |
See text | |
Jacquemontia paniculata
Convolvulaceae, known commonly as the bindweed or morning glory family, is a family of about 60 genera and more than 1,650 species of mostly herbaceous vines, but also trees, shrubs and herbs, and also including the sweet potato and a few other food tubers.
Contents
1 Description
2 Tribes
3 Genera
4 References
5 Further reading
6 External links
Description
Convolvulaceae can be recognized by their funnel-shaped, radially symmetrical corolla; the floral formula for the family has five sepals, five fused petals, five epipetalous stamens (stamens fused to the petals), and a two-part syncarpous and superior gynoecium. The stems of these plants are usually winding, hence their Latin name (from convolvere, "to wind"). The leaves are simple and alternate, without stipules. In parasitic Cuscuta they are reduced to scales. The fruit can be a capsule, berry, or nut, all containing only two seeds per one locule (one ovule/ovary).
Convolvulus sepium, slightly reduced.
The leaves and starchy, tuberous roots of some species are used as foodstuffs (e.g. sweet potato and water spinach), and the seeds are exploited for their medicinal value as purgatives. Some species contain ergoline alkaloids that are likely responsible for the use of these species as ingredients in psychedelic drugs (e.g. ololiuhqui). The presence of ergolines in some species of this family is due to infection by fungi related to the ergot fungi of the genus Claviceps. A recent study of Convolvulaceae species, Ipomoea asarifolia, and its associated fungi showed the presence of a fungus, identified by DNA sequencing of 18s and ITS ribosomal DNA and phylogenetic analysis to be closely related to fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae, was always associated with the presence of ergoline alkaloids in the plant. The identified fungus appears to be a seed-transmitted, obligate biotroph growing epiphytically on its host.[1] This finding strongly suggests the unique presence of ergoline alkaloids in some species of the family Convolvulaceae is due to symbiosis with clavicipitaceous fungi. Moreover, another group of compounds, loline alkaloids, commonly produced by some members of the clavicipitaceous fungi (genus Neotyphodium), has been identified in a convolvulaceous species, but the origin of the loline alkaloids in this species is unknown.[2]
Members of the family are well known as showy garden plants (e.g. morning glory) and as troublesome weeds (e.g. bindweed and dodder).
Tribes
According to the study of D. F. Austin (see Reference) the family Convolvulaceae can be classified in the tribes Ericybeae, Cresseae, Convolvuleae, merremioids, Ipomoeae, Argyreiae, Poraneae, Dichondreae, and Cuscuteae (previously classified as a separate family Cuscutaceae).
Genera
- Tribe Aniseieae
Aniseia Choisy
Iseia O'Donell
Odonellia K.R.Robertson
Tetralocularia O'Donell[3]
- Tribe Cardiochlamyeae
Cardiochlamys Oliv.
Cordisepalum Verdc.
Dinetus Buch.-Ham. ex Sweet
Poranopsis Roberty
Tridynamia Gagnep.[4]
- Tribe Convolvuleae
Calystegia R.Br. – Bindweed, morning glory
Convolvulus L. – bindweed, morning glory
Polymeria R.Br.[5]
- Tribe Cresseae
Bonamia Thouars
Cladostigma Radlk.
Cressa L.
Evolvulus L.
Hildebrandtia Vatke
Itzaea Standl. & Steyerm.
Neuropeltis Wall.
Neuropeltopsis Ooststr.
Sabaudiella Chiov.
Seddera Hochst.
Stylisma Raf.
Wilsonia R.Br.[6]
- Tribe Cuscuteae
Cuscuta L. – dodder[7]
- Tribe Dichondreae
Calycobolus Willd. ex Schult.
Dichondra J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
Falkia Thunb.
Metaporana N.E.Br.
Nephrophyllum A.Rich.
Porana Burm.f.
Rapona Baill.[8]
- Tribe Erycibeae
Ericybe Roxb.[9]
- Tribe Humbertieae
Humbertia [10]
- Tribe Ipomoeeae
Argyreia Lour. – Hawaiian baby woodrose
Astripomoea A.Meeuse
Blinkworthia Choisy
Ipomoea L. – morning glory, sweet potato
Lepistemon Blume
Lepistemonopsis Dammer
Paralepistemon Lejoly & Lisowski
Rivea Choisy
Stictocardia Hallier f.
Turbina Raf.[11]
- Tribe Jacquemontieae
Jacquemontia Choisy[12]
- Tribe Maripeae
Dicranostyles Benth.
Lysiostyles Benth.
Maripa Aubl.[13]
- Tribe Merremieae
Decalobanthus Ooststr.
Hewittia Wight & Arn.
Hyalocystis Hallier f.
Merremia Dennst. ex Endl. – Hawaiian woodrose
Operculina Silva Manso
Xenostegia D.F.Austin & Staples[14]
- Incertae sedis
Pentacrostigma K.Afzel.
References
^ Ulrike Steiner; Mahalia A. Ahimsa-Müller; Anne Markert; Sabine Kucht; Julia Groß; Nicole Kauf; Monika Kuzma; Monika Zych; Marc Lamshöft; Miroslawa Furmanowa; et al. (2006). "Molecular characterization of a seed transmitted clavicipitaceous fungus occurring on dicotyledoneous plants (Convolvulaceae)". Planta. 224 (3): 533–544. doi:10.1007/s00425-006-0241-0. PMID 16525783..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ Britta Tofern; Macki Kaloga; Ludger Witte; Thomas Hartmann; Eckart Eich (1999). "Occurrence of loline alkaloids in Argyreia mollis (Convolvulaceae)". Phytochemistry. 51 (8): 1177–1180. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00121-1.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Aniseieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Cardiochlamyeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Convolvuleae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Cresseae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Cuscuteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Dichondreae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Erycibeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Humbertieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Ipomoeeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Jacquemontieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Maripeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Merremieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
Further reading
.mw-parser-output .refbeginfont-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ullist-style-type:none;margin-left:0.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>ddmargin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100font-size:100%
Daniel F. Austin (1973). "The American Erycibeae (Convolvulaceae): Maripa, Dicranostyles, and Lysiostyles I. Systematics". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 60: 306–412. JSTOR 2395089.- Austin, D. F. 1997. Convolvulaceae (Morning Glory Family)
- Convolvulus plant
Convolvulaceae in L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants.
Daniel F. Austin (2000). "Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis, Convolvulaceae) in North America – from medicine to menace". Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society. 127 (2): 172–177. JSTOR 3088694.- Costea, M. 2007-onwards. Digital Atlas of Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae)
- Lyons, K. E. 2001. Element stewardship abstract for Convolvulus arvensis L. field bindweed. The Nature Conservancy.
- Calif. Dept. of Food and Agriculture. Undated. Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.)
- Univ. of Idaho Extension. 1999. Homewise: No matter what we do, our morning glory weeds come back every year. Any advice? Aug. 23
- Hodges, L. 2003. Bindweed identification and control options for organic production. NebFacts. Univ. of Nebraska – Lincoln Cooperative Extension
- Univ. of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. 2003. Field Bindweed. Pest Notes. Publ. # 7462
- Washington State Univ. Cooperative Extension. Undated. Hortsense: Weeds: Field bindweed (Wild morningglory): Convolvulus arvensis
- Sullivan, P. 2004. Field bindweed control alternatives. ATTRA. National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service.
- Lanini, W. T. Undated. Organic weed management in vineyards. University of California, Davis Cooperative Extension.
- Cox, H. R. 1915. The eradication of bindweed or wild morning-glory. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Farmers’ Bulletin 368. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office.
J. L. Littlefield (2004). "Bindweeds". In Eric M. Coombs. Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the United States. Corvallis OR: Oregon State University Press. pp. 150–157. ISBN 978-0-87071-029-2.- New Mexico State Univ. Cooperative Extension Service. 2004. Managing Aceria malherbae gall mites for control of field bindweed.
Sue Dockstader (2005). "Coping with field bindweed without using herbicides". Journal of Pesticide Reform. 25 (1): 6–7.
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Convolvulaceae. |
 | Wikispecies has information related to Convolvulaceae |
- Convolvulaceae Unlimited
- Convolvulaceae in Topwalks
Family Convolvulaceae Flowers in Israel
