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Alliance of Hope Pakatan Harapan ڤاكتن هارڤن .mw-parser-output .noboldfont-weight:normal 希望联盟 பாக்காத்தான் ஹரப்பான
Abbreviation	PH
Chairman	Mahathir Mohamad
Leader	Anwar Ibrahim
President	Wan Azizah Wan Ismail
Deputy Presidents	Lim Guan Eng Mohamad Sabu Muhyiddin Yassin
Vice-Presidents	Chong Chieng Jen Mohamed Azmin Ali Salahuddin Ayub Mukhriz Mahathir M. Kulasegaran Christina Liew[1]
Founded	22 September 2015 (2015-09-22)
Legalised	16 May 2018 (2018-05-16)[2]
Preceded by	Pakatan Rakyat
Headquarters	Kuala Lumpur (DAP and AMANAH) Petaling Jaya (PKR) Putrajaya (BERSATU)
Newspaper	The Rocket Roketkini Suara Keadilan Suara Amanah Keadilan Daily
Student wing	Mahasiswa Pakatan Harapan
Youth wing	Pemuda Pakatan Harapan[3][4]
Women's wing	Wanita Pakatan Harapan[5]
Ideology	Social democracy Social liberalism Progressivism Reformism
Political position	Centre to Centre-left
Colours	Red
Slogan	Pakatan Harapan Rakyat
Dewan Negara:	25 / 70
Dewan Rakyat:	129 / 222
Dewan Undangan Negeri:	275 / 591
Election symbol
Website
pakatanharapan.com.my
Politics of Malaysia Political parties Elections

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v t e

The Alliance of Hope (Malay: Pakatan Harapan; abbrev: PH) is a political coalition in Malaysia. It is a successor to Pakatan Rakyat (the other being Gagasan Sejahtera). It was established in 2015 as an opposition to the former-ruling Barisan Nasional. It is the largest bloc in the Dewan Rakyat and is the current ruling party of Malaysia. The coalition is allied with the Sabah Heritage Party (WARISAN) and the United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO) in the state of Sabah. At the state level, the coalition is the largest party in 8 of 13 state legislative assemblies and forms the government in the states of Kedah, Penang, Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Malacca, Johor and Sabah.^{[note 1]} Pakatan Harapan also form a government with two-thirds majority in the states of Penang and Selangor.

The coalition was formed on 22 September 2015, consisting of the Democratic Action Party, People's Justice Party, National Trust Party and Malaysian United Indigenous Party.^[6] The coalition was formed as an alliance of centre-left to centre-right parties to contest the 2018 Malaysian general election. The coalition contested the election under the logo of a component party, the People's Justice Party (PKR), due to inability to register as an official coalition.

After the 2018 general elections, Pakatan Harapan chairman Mahathir Mohamad was appointed as the Prime Minister of Malaysia while its president, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, was appointed as the Deputy Prime Minister. Mahathir Mohamad became the first prime minister from Pakatan Harapan, and the first prime minister to have tenures with two different parties.

History

Formation

Pakatan Harapan is a direct successor to the three-party Pakatan Rakyat coalition that consisted of the People's Justice Party (PKR), the Democratic Action Party (DAP) and the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS). Pakatan Harapan was founded on 22 September 2015, two years after the 2013 general election, due to disagreements and conflicts between PAS and DAP mainly regarding the issue of the implementation of the sharia law, resulting in PAS splitting off from Pakatan Rakyat and the break-up of the coalition on 16 June 2015.^[7][8] The dissolution resulted in the formation of a new coalition named Pakatan Harapan, consisting the former Pakatan Rakyat parties, PKR and DAP, and a PAS split-off party, the National Trust Party (AMANAH).^[9][10]

On 12 November 2016, a United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) split-off party, the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), founded and led by former Malaysian Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad, confirmed that the party was committed to joining the opposition bloc Pakatan Harapan.^[11][12] Later, on 13 December, the party formed an electoral pact with Pakatan Harapan,^[13] and finally on 14 March 2017, BERSATU officially joined Pakatan Harapan as a member party.^[14]

2018 general election

On 14 July 2017, the Presidential council line-up was confirmed. A common logo was also introduced with the word “Harapan” with the “A” shaped as a chevron in white on a red background. The logo was initially planned to be used by all participating candidates for the 2018 general election, but the use of the logo and registration of the coalition was denied by the Election Commission.^[15] To pursue the coalition's plan to contest under a common logo, Pakatan announced that the PKR logo will be used by all component parties of the coalition as its election symbol in the elections,^[16] excluding for DAP who chose to contest under their own party flag in Sabah and Sarawak.^[17][18][19]

The coalition secured an electoral pact with the Sabah-based Sabah Heritage Party (WARISAN) for the 2018 general election. WARISAN's president, Shafie Apdal, promised that the party would be represented on the federal cabinet if the coalition came to power,^[20] adding that through the electoral pact they will only co-operate with Pakatan as an ally, and not joining the pact as a component party since they will only contest in Sabah, not in Peninsular Malaysia.^[21] Following the victory of Pakatan Harapan and WARISAN in the general election, the United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO) announced that they have left Barisan Nasional and will form a new Sabah state government with WARISAN and Pakatan Harapan.^[22] UPKO and WARISAN are currently both the allies for Pakatan Harapan since both parties are also allied towards each others in Sabah.^[23]

Registration

On 16 May 2018, the coalition was officially registered.^[24]

Member parties

Flag	Name				Ideology	Leader(s)	Seats contested	2018 result		Current seats
								Votes (%)	Seats	Composition
		PKR		People's Justice Party Parti Keadilan Rakyat	Progressivism	Anwar Ibrahim	71	16.937%	47 / 222	50 / 128
		DAP		Democratic Action Party Parti Tindakan Demokratik	Social democracy	Lim Guan Eng	47	17.365%	42 / 222	42 / 128
		BERSATU		Malaysian United Indigenous Party Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia	Ketuanan Melayu	Mahathir Mohamad	52	5.948%	13 / 222	16 / 128
		AMANAH		National Trust Party Parti Amanah Negara	Islamic modernism	Mohamad Sabu	34	5.426%	11 / 222	11 / 128
Allied parties
N/A		WARISAN		Sabah Heritage Party Parti Warisan Sabah	Sabahan Regionalism	Shafie Apdal	17	2.322%	8 / 222	9 / 128
		UPKO		United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation Pertubuhan Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Bersatu	Sabahan Regionalism	Madius Tangau	4 (under BN)	0.472%	1 / 222	1 / 128
Strategic partners
N/A		HINDRAF		Hindu Rights Action Force Barisan Bertindak Hak-Hak Hindu	Human rights	Waytha Moorthy Ponnusamy	-	-	0 / 222	0 / 125
N/A		MIRA		Minority Rights Action Party Parti Tindakan Hak Minoriti	Liberal democracy	S. Gobi Krishnan	-	-	0 / 222	0 / 125

Leadership Structure

Elected representatives

Dewan Negara (Senate)

Senators

Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives)

Members of Parliament of the 14th Malaysian Parliament

Pakatan Harapan has 129 members in the House of Representatives. (with allied parties)

State	No.	Parliament Constituency	Member	Party
Perlis	P002	Kangar	Noor Amin Ahmad		PKR
Kedah	P004	Langkawi	Mahathir Mohamad		BERSATU
	P005	Jerlun	Mukhriz Mahathir		BERSATU
	P006	Kubang Pasu	Amiruddin Hamzah		BERSATU
	P008	Pokok Sena	Mahfuz Omar		AMANAH
	P009	Alor Setar	Chan Ming Kai		PKR
	P010	Kuala Kedah	Azman Ismail		PKR
	P014	Merbok	Nor Azrina Surip		PKR
	P015	Sungai Petani	Johari Abdul		PKR
	P017	Padang Serai	Karuppaiya Muthusamy		PKR
	P018	Kulim-Bandar Baharu	Saifuddin Nasution Ismail		PKR
Kelantan	P030	Jeli	Mustapa Mohamed		BERSATU
Penang	P043	Bagan	Lim Guan Eng		DAP
	P044	Permatang Pauh	Nurul Izzah Anwar		PKR
	P045	Bukit Mertajam	Steven Sim Chee Keong		DAP
	P046	Batu Kawan	Kasthuriraani Patto		DAP
	P047	Nibong Tebal	Mansor Othman		PKR
	P048	Bukit Bendera	Wong Hon Wai		DAP
	P049	Tanjong	Chow Kon Yeow		DAP
	P050	Jelutong	Sanisvara Nethaji Rayer Rajaji Rayer		DAP
	P051	Bukit Gelugor	Ramkarpal Singh		DAP
	P052	Bayan Baru	Sim Tze Tzin		PKR
	P053	Balik Pulau	Muhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik		PKR
Perak	P057	Parit Buntar	Mujahid Yusof Rawa		AMANAH
	P058	Bagan Serai	Noor Azmi Ghazali		BERSATU
	P060	Taiping	Teh Kok Lim		DAP
	P062	Sungai Siput	Kesavan Subramaniam		PKR
	P063	Tambun	Ahmad Faizal Azumu		BERSATU
	P064	Ipoh Timor	Wong Kah Woh		DAP
	P065	Ipoh Barat	M. Kulasegaran		DAP
	P066	Batu Gajah	V. Sivakumar		DAP
	P068	Beruas	Ngeh Koo Ham		DAP
	P070	Kampar	Su Keong Siong		DAP
	P071	Gopeng	Lee Boon Chye		PKR
	P074	Lumut	Mohd Hatta Ramli		AMANAH
	P076	Telok Intan	Nga Kor Ming		DAP
	P077	Tanjong Malim	Chang Lih Kang		PKR
Pahang	P080	Raub	Tengku Zulpuri Shah Raja Puji		DAP
	P082	Indera Mahkota	Saifuddin Abdullah		PKR
	P083	Kuantan	Fuziah Salleh		PKR
	P088	Temerloh	Anuar Tahir		AMANAH
	P089	Bentong	Wong Tack		DAP
Selangor	P093	Sungai Besar	Muslimin Yahya		BERSATU
	P094	Hulu Selangor	June Leow Hsiad Hui		PKR
	P096	Kuala Selangor	Dzulkefly Ahmad		AMANAH
	P097	Selayang	William Leong Jee Keen		PKR
	P098	Gombak	Mohamed Azmin Ali		PKR
	P099	Ampang	Zuraida Kamaruddin		PKR
	P100	Pandan	Dr. Wan Azizah Wan Ismail		PKR
	P101	Hulu Langat	Hasanuddin Mohd Yunus		AMANAH
	P102	Bangi	Ong Kian Ming		DAP
	P103	Puchong	Gobind Singh Deo		DAP
	P104	Subang	Wong Chen		PKR
	P105	Petaling Jaya	Maria Chin Abdullah		PKR
	P106	Damansara	Tony Pua Kiam Wee		DAP
	P107	Sungai Buloh	Sivarasa Rasiah		PKR
	P108	Shah Alam	Khalid Samad		AMANAH
	P109	Kapar	Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid		PKR
	P110	Klang	Charles Anthony Santiago		DAP
	P111	Kota Raja	Mohamad Sabu		AMANAH
	P112	Kuala Langat	Xavier Jayakumar Arulanandam		PKR
	P113	Sepang	Mohamed Hanipa Maidin		AMANAH
Kuala Lumpur	P114	Kepong	Lim Lip Eng		DAP
	P115	Batu	P. Prabakaran M. Parameswaran		PKR
	P116	Wangsa Maju	Tan Yee Kew		PKR
	P117	Segambut	Hannah Yeoh Tseow Suan		DAP
	P118	Setiawangsa	Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad		PKR
	P119	Titiwangsa	Rina Mohd Harun		BERSATU
	P120	Bukit Bintang	Fong Kui Lun		DAP
	P121	Lembah Pantai	Fahmi Fadzil		PKR
	P122	Seputeh	Teresa Kok Suh Sim		DAP
	P123	Cheras	Tan Kok Wai		DAP
	P124	Bandar Tun Razak	Kamarudin Jaffar		PKR
Negeri Sembilan	P128	Seremban	Anthony Loke Siew Fook		DAP
	P129	Kuala Pilah	Eddin Syazlee Shith		BERSATU
	P130	Rasah	Cha Kee Chin		DAP
	P132	Port Dickson	Anwar Ibrahim		PKR
	P133	Tampin	Hasan Baharom		AMANAH
Malacca	P134	Masjid Tanah	Mas Ermieyati Samsudin		BERSATU
	P135	Alor Gajah	Mohd Redzuan Md Yusof		BERSATU
	P136	Tangga Batu	Rusnah Aluai		PKR
	P137	Hang Tuah Jaya	Shamsul Iskandar Md. Akin		PKR
	P138	Kota Melaka	Khoo Poay Tiong		DAP
Johor	P140	Segamat	Edmund Santhara Kumar Ramanaidu		PKR
	P141	Sekijang	Natrah Ismail		PKR
	P142	Labis	Pang Hok Liong		DAP
	P143	Pagoh	Muhyiddin Yassin		BERSATU
	P144	Ledang	Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh		PKR
	P145	Bakri	Yeo Bee Yin		DAP
	P146	Muar	Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman		BERSATU
	P149	Sri Gading	Shahruddin Md Salleh		BERSATU
	P150	Batu Pahat	Mohd Rashid Hasnon		PKR
	P151	Simpang Renggam	Maszlee Malik		BERSATU
	P152	Kluang	Wong Shu Qi		DAP
	P158	Tebrau	Steven Choong Shiau Yoon		PKR
	P159	Pasir Gudang	Hassan Abdul Karim		PKR
	P160	Johor Bahru	Ahmad Akmal Nasrullah Mohd. Nasir		PKR
	P161	Pulai	Salahuddin Ayub		AMANAH
	P162	Iskandar Puteri	Lim Kit Siang		DAP
	P163	Kulai	Teo Nie Ching		DAP
	P165	Tanjong Piai	Mohamed Farid Md Rafik		BERSATU
Labuan	P166	Labuan	Rozman Isli		WARISAN
Sabah	P169	Kota Belud	Isnaraissah Munirah Majilis		WARISAN
	P170	Tuaran	Wilfred Madius Tangau		UPKO
	P171	Sepanggar	Azis Jamman		WARISAN
	P172	Kota Kinabalu	Chan Foong Hin		DAP
	P173	Putatan	Awang Husaini Sahari		PKR
	P174	Penampang	Ignatius Dorell Leiking		WARISAN
	P175	Papar	Ahmad Hassan		WARISAN
	P179	Ranau	Jonathan Yasin		PKR
	P181	Tenom	Noorita Sual		DAP
	P185	Batu Sapi	Liew Vui Keong		WARISAN
	P186	Sandakan	Wong Tien Fatt		DAP
	P188	Silam	Mohammadin Ketapi		WARISAN
	P189	Semporna	Shafie Apdal		WARISAN
	P190	Tawau	Christina Liew Chin Jin		PKR
	P191	Kalabakan	Ma'mun Sulaiman		WARISAN
Sarawak	P192	Mas Gading	Mordi Bimol		DAP
	P195	Bandar Kuching	Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen		DAP
	P196	Stampin	Chong Chieng Jen		DAP
	P198	Puncak Borneo	Willie Mongin		PKR
	P203	Lubok Antu	Jugah Muyang		PKR
	P205	Saratok	Ali Biju		PKR
	P208	Sarikei	Wong Ling Biu		DAP
	P209	Julau	Larry Sng Wei Shien		PKR
	P211	Lanang	Alice Lau Kiong Yieng		DAP
	P212	Sibu	Oscar Ling Chai Yew		DAP
	P214	Selangau	Baru Bian		PKR
	P219	Miri	Michael Teo Yu Keng		PKR
Total	Perlis (1), Kedah (10), Kelantan(1), Penang (11), Perak (14), Pahang (5), Selangor (20), F.T. Kuala Lumpur (11), Negeri Sembilan (5), Malacca (5), Johor (18), F.T. Labuan (1), Sabah (15), Sarawak (12)

Dewan Undangan Negeri (State Legislative Assembly)

State election results

Pakatan Harapan state governments

State	Leader type	Member	Party		State Constituency
Johor	Menteri Besar	Osman Sapian		BERSATU	Kempas
Kedah	Menteri Besar	Mukhriz Mahathir		BERSATU	Jitra
Malacca	Chief Minister	Adly Zahari		AMANAH	Bukit Katil
Negeri Sembilan	Menteri Besar	Aminuddin Harun		PKR	Sikamat
Penang	Chief Minister	Chow Kon Yeow		DAP	Padang Kota
Perak	Menteri Besar	Ahmad Faizal Azumu		BERSATU	Chenderiang
Sabah	Chief Minister	Shafie Apdal		WARISAN	Senallang
Selangor	Menteri Besar	Amirudin Shari		PKR	Sungai Tua

General Election Results

Election	Total seats won	Seats	Total votes	Voting Percentage	Outcome of election	Election leader
2018	121 / 222	56.34%	5,615,822	45.56%	125 seats; Governing coalition	Mahathir Mohamad

Notes

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pakatan Harapan.

• Official website


• 
  Pakatan Harapan on Facebook
  


• Alternative federal budgets (2016, 2017, 2018)


• 2019 Malaysian federal budget