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I recall watching a movie in the late 90's or early 00's that involved a nanotech-enhanced cyborg, who I believe was some sort of experiment or secret military project in an otherwise normal near-future setting. He seemed to be the villain, and was hunting the main characters (a hero and love interest, if I'm not mistaken). He was stronger, faster, etc, than a normal human, and could heal extremely quickly, but needed to absorb the silica in glass to replenish lost mass.

At one point, he has his arm cut off in what looked like an office promenade, and as he runs past a window, blue, snakelike tendrils come out of the stump to "eat" a swath out of the glass while his arm regrows. Later on, he falls from a high ledge into a bunch of glass, being impaled and cut up all over by the shattered glass. Overall, this only slowed him down as he was able to repair using the glass.

I got the impression this was a TV movie; the glass-absorption blue tendril effect was impressive CG, but I don't recall any famous actors or anything in it. It is also worth noting that the cyborg had no special effects or props when not injured; he just looked like a normal man.

This sounds like Virtuosity, in which SID 6.7 (Russell Crowe) a virtual gestalt of various criminals' minds is able to enter the real world as a glass-based cyborg.

Here's a clip of SID 6.7, falling to be impaled on a bunch of glass, and then projecting blue, snake-like tendrils from his arm stump to absorb the glass.