mjhjmtu

I have a little network in my house and I have shared a folder on Windows.
On other Windows computers I can see the list of Windows share list but none of the linux devices can do so.

when i click on 'windows shares' in nautilus it shows:

Failed to retrieve share list from server: No such file or directory

but surprisingly I have access to smb://192.168.1.2/SharedFolder

I have tested it on fedora 23 live, debian 8 and debian testing and all are the same.

I even checked that I have open ports of 136, 137, 138 and 445.

Please guide me which log should I look and how can I fix it.

Make sure your [ipcs] implicit share permissions allow guests.

EDIT: having seen your "server" system is a windows one, i would like to point out that the default behaviour of a windows client is to try to log into the server using the current credentials - if that doesn't work, it prompts the user to provide alternatives. the IPC$ share on the windows system needs to allow guest (that is, anonymous) access though, because it is the one used to obtain a list of other shared objects. so first, make sure IPC$ on the windows machine can actually be accessed anonymously.
if nothing else works, try "smbclient -L 192.168.1.2" in a terminal on your linux machine and just keep pressing enter when prompted for anything. this should work if everything is configured correctly, otherwise you are just in blind luck of having user accounts on windows clients configured identically to (some of) the accounts on the "server".

I had this problem and solved it by installing package gvfs-bin. Except for gvfs-bin, most of the gvfs packages were already installed: gvfs, -common, -libs, -daemons, and -backends.