Chemical composition of seawater
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Is it true that the sea water is composed of about $86%$ oxygen, $11%$ hydrogen and $3%$ of minerals? The chemical formula of water is $ceH2O$ (two hydrogen and one oxgen) that shows that the number of hydrogen is greater than that of oxygen.
If the number of hydrogen is greater, then why does the sea water consist of $11%$ hydrogen and $86%$ oxygen, which is lesser than the oxygen?
The book which I am reading says which is confusing me:
... Seawater is composed of about $86%$ oxygen, $11%$ hydrogen and $3%$ of minerals, consisting mainly of sodium and chlorine.
water elements
edited Dec 17 at 20:32
andselisk
13.1k64698
asked Dec 17 at 19:10
Ahmed
1264
add a comment |
Is it true that the sea water is composed of about $86%$ oxygen, $11%$ hydrogen and $3%$ of minerals? The chemical formula of water is $ceH2O$ (two hydrogen and one oxgen) that shows that the number of hydrogen is greater than that of oxygen.
If the number of hydrogen is greater, then why does the sea water consist of $11%$ hydrogen and $86%$ oxygen, which is lesser than the oxygen?
The book which I am reading says which is confusing me:
... Seawater is composed of about $86%$ oxygen, $11%$ hydrogen and $3%$ of minerals, consisting mainly of sodium and chlorine.
water elements
edited Dec 17 at 20:32
andselisk
13.1k64698
asked Dec 17 at 19:10
Ahmed
1264
add a comment |
Is it true that the sea water is composed of about $86%$ oxygen, $11%$ hydrogen and $3%$ of minerals? The chemical formula of water is $ceH2O$ (two hydrogen and one oxgen) that shows that the number of hydrogen is greater than that of oxygen.
If the number of hydrogen is greater, then why does the sea water consist of $11%$ hydrogen and $86%$ oxygen, which is lesser than the oxygen?
The book which I am reading says which is confusing me:
... Seawater is composed of about $86%$ oxygen, $11%$ hydrogen and $3%$ of minerals, consisting mainly of sodium and chlorine.
water elements
edited Dec 17 at 20:32
andselisk
13.1k64698
asked Dec 17 at 19:10
Ahmed
1264
Is it true that the sea water is composed of about $86%$ oxygen, $11%$ hydrogen and $3%$ of minerals? The chemical formula of water is $ceH2O$ (two hydrogen and one oxgen) that shows that the number of hydrogen is greater than that of oxygen.
If the number of hydrogen is greater, then why does the sea water consist of $11%$ hydrogen and $86%$ oxygen, which is lesser than the oxygen?
The book which I am reading says which is confusing me:
... Seawater is composed of about $86%$ oxygen, $11%$ hydrogen and $3%$ of minerals, consisting mainly of sodium and chlorine.
water elements
water elements
edited Dec 17 at 20:32
andselisk
13.1k64698
asked Dec 17 at 19:10
Ahmed
1264
edited Dec 17 at 20:32
andselisk
13.1k64698
asked Dec 17 at 19:10
Ahmed
1264
edited Dec 17 at 20:32
andselisk
13.1k64698
edited Dec 17 at 20:32
andselisk
13.1k64698
edited Dec 17 at 20:32
andselisk
13.1k64698
13.1k64698
asked Dec 17 at 19:10
Ahmed
1264
asked Dec 17 at 19:10
Ahmed
1264
asked Dec 17 at 19:10
Ahmed
1264
1264
add a comment |
add a comment |
2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
The book that you're reading is measuring by mass.
If you have pure water then you would expect oxygen to make up $frac1616 + 2times 100% approx 89 % $ by mass. Likewise, hydrogen would make up $frac216 + 2times 100% approx 11 % $ by mass.
answered Dec 17 at 19:23
PJ R
74912
add a comment |
As it has already been mentioned, these are mass percentages, which are a bit imprecise. For the reference, CRC handbook of chemistry and physics [1, p. 14-17] lists elements' abundances in seawater near the surface in $pumg L-1$, alphabetically. I took 15 (starting with 16th element $omega < 10^-4~%$) most abundant elements from that array and calculated mass percentage for each:
beginarrayllr
hline
textElement & rho_i/pumg L-1 & omega/% \
hline
ceO & pu8.57E5 & 85.8443 \
ceH & pu1.08E5 & 10.8182 \
ceCl & pu1.94E4 & 1.9433 \
ceNa & pu1.08E4 & 1.0818 \
ceMg & pu1.29E3 & 0.1292 \
ceS & pu9.05E2 & 0.0907 \
ceCa & pu4.12E2 & 0.0413 \
ceK & pu3.99E2 & 0.0400 \
ceBr & pu6.73E1 & 0.0067 \
ceC & pu2.80E1 & 0.0028 \
ceSr & pu7.9 & 0.0008 \
ceB & pu4.44 & 0.0004 \
ceSi & pu2.2 & 0.0002 \
ceF & pu1.3 & 0.0001 \
ceN & pu5.00E-1 & 0.0001 \
hline
endarray
References
- Haynes, W. M.; Lide, D. R.; Bruno, T. J. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: A Ready-Reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data.; 2017; Vol. 97.
answered Dec 17 at 20:29
andselisk
13.1k64698
You say the numbers are a bit imprecise, but they have to be, because not all seawater is the same!
– Mr Lister
Dec 18 at 10:50
add a comment |
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2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
The book that you're reading is measuring by mass.
If you have pure water then you would expect oxygen to make up $frac1616 + 2times 100% approx 89 % $ by mass. Likewise, hydrogen would make up $frac216 + 2times 100% approx 11 % $ by mass.
answered Dec 17 at 19:23
PJ R
74912
add a comment |
The book that you're reading is measuring by mass.
If you have pure water then you would expect oxygen to make up $frac1616 + 2times 100% approx 89 % $ by mass. Likewise, hydrogen would make up $frac216 + 2times 100% approx 11 % $ by mass.
answered Dec 17 at 19:23
PJ R
74912
add a comment |
The book that you're reading is measuring by mass.
If you have pure water then you would expect oxygen to make up $frac1616 + 2times 100% approx 89 % $ by mass. Likewise, hydrogen would make up $frac216 + 2times 100% approx 11 % $ by mass.
answered Dec 17 at 19:23
PJ R
74912
The book that you're reading is measuring by mass.
If you have pure water then you would expect oxygen to make up $frac1616 + 2times 100% approx 89 % $ by mass. Likewise, hydrogen would make up $frac216 + 2times 100% approx 11 % $ by mass.
answered Dec 17 at 19:23
PJ R
74912
answered Dec 17 at 19:23
PJ R
74912
answered Dec 17 at 19:23
PJ R
74912
answered Dec 17 at 19:23
PJ R
74912
74912
add a comment |
add a comment |
As it has already been mentioned, these are mass percentages, which are a bit imprecise. For the reference, CRC handbook of chemistry and physics [1, p. 14-17] lists elements' abundances in seawater near the surface in $pumg L-1$, alphabetically. I took 15 (starting with 16th element $omega < 10^-4~%$) most abundant elements from that array and calculated mass percentage for each:
beginarrayllr
hline
textElement & rho_i/pumg L-1 & omega/% \
hline
ceO & pu8.57E5 & 85.8443 \
ceH & pu1.08E5 & 10.8182 \
ceCl & pu1.94E4 & 1.9433 \
ceNa & pu1.08E4 & 1.0818 \
ceMg & pu1.29E3 & 0.1292 \
ceS & pu9.05E2 & 0.0907 \
ceCa & pu4.12E2 & 0.0413 \
ceK & pu3.99E2 & 0.0400 \
ceBr & pu6.73E1 & 0.0067 \
ceC & pu2.80E1 & 0.0028 \
ceSr & pu7.9 & 0.0008 \
ceB & pu4.44 & 0.0004 \
ceSi & pu2.2 & 0.0002 \
ceF & pu1.3 & 0.0001 \
ceN & pu5.00E-1 & 0.0001 \
hline
endarray
References
- Haynes, W. M.; Lide, D. R.; Bruno, T. J. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: A Ready-Reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data.; 2017; Vol. 97.
answered Dec 17 at 20:29
andselisk
13.1k64698
You say the numbers are a bit imprecise, but they have to be, because not all seawater is the same!
– Mr Lister
Dec 18 at 10:50
add a comment |
As it has already been mentioned, these are mass percentages, which are a bit imprecise. For the reference, CRC handbook of chemistry and physics [1, p. 14-17] lists elements' abundances in seawater near the surface in $pumg L-1$, alphabetically. I took 15 (starting with 16th element $omega < 10^-4~%$) most abundant elements from that array and calculated mass percentage for each:
beginarrayllr
hline
textElement & rho_i/pumg L-1 & omega/% \
hline
ceO & pu8.57E5 & 85.8443 \
ceH & pu1.08E5 & 10.8182 \
ceCl & pu1.94E4 & 1.9433 \
ceNa & pu1.08E4 & 1.0818 \
ceMg & pu1.29E3 & 0.1292 \
ceS & pu9.05E2 & 0.0907 \
ceCa & pu4.12E2 & 0.0413 \
ceK & pu3.99E2 & 0.0400 \
ceBr & pu6.73E1 & 0.0067 \
ceC & pu2.80E1 & 0.0028 \
ceSr & pu7.9 & 0.0008 \
ceB & pu4.44 & 0.0004 \
ceSi & pu2.2 & 0.0002 \
ceF & pu1.3 & 0.0001 \
ceN & pu5.00E-1 & 0.0001 \
hline
endarray
References
- Haynes, W. M.; Lide, D. R.; Bruno, T. J. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: A Ready-Reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data.; 2017; Vol. 97.
answered Dec 17 at 20:29
andselisk
13.1k64698
You say the numbers are a bit imprecise, but they have to be, because not all seawater is the same!
– Mr Lister
Dec 18 at 10:50
add a comment |
As it has already been mentioned, these are mass percentages, which are a bit imprecise. For the reference, CRC handbook of chemistry and physics [1, p. 14-17] lists elements' abundances in seawater near the surface in $pumg L-1$, alphabetically. I took 15 (starting with 16th element $omega < 10^-4~%$) most abundant elements from that array and calculated mass percentage for each:
beginarrayllr
hline
textElement & rho_i/pumg L-1 & omega/% \
hline
ceO & pu8.57E5 & 85.8443 \
ceH & pu1.08E5 & 10.8182 \
ceCl & pu1.94E4 & 1.9433 \
ceNa & pu1.08E4 & 1.0818 \
ceMg & pu1.29E3 & 0.1292 \
ceS & pu9.05E2 & 0.0907 \
ceCa & pu4.12E2 & 0.0413 \
ceK & pu3.99E2 & 0.0400 \
ceBr & pu6.73E1 & 0.0067 \
ceC & pu2.80E1 & 0.0028 \
ceSr & pu7.9 & 0.0008 \
ceB & pu4.44 & 0.0004 \
ceSi & pu2.2 & 0.0002 \
ceF & pu1.3 & 0.0001 \
ceN & pu5.00E-1 & 0.0001 \
hline
endarray
References
- Haynes, W. M.; Lide, D. R.; Bruno, T. J. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: A Ready-Reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data.; 2017; Vol. 97.
answered Dec 17 at 20:29
andselisk
13.1k64698
As it has already been mentioned, these are mass percentages, which are a bit imprecise. For the reference, CRC handbook of chemistry and physics [1, p. 14-17] lists elements' abundances in seawater near the surface in $pumg L-1$, alphabetically. I took 15 (starting with 16th element $omega < 10^-4~%$) most abundant elements from that array and calculated mass percentage for each:
beginarrayllr
hline
textElement & rho_i/pumg L-1 & omega/% \
hline
ceO & pu8.57E5 & 85.8443 \
ceH & pu1.08E5 & 10.8182 \
ceCl & pu1.94E4 & 1.9433 \
ceNa & pu1.08E4 & 1.0818 \
ceMg & pu1.29E3 & 0.1292 \
ceS & pu9.05E2 & 0.0907 \
ceCa & pu4.12E2 & 0.0413 \
ceK & pu3.99E2 & 0.0400 \
ceBr & pu6.73E1 & 0.0067 \
ceC & pu2.80E1 & 0.0028 \
ceSr & pu7.9 & 0.0008 \
ceB & pu4.44 & 0.0004 \
ceSi & pu2.2 & 0.0002 \
ceF & pu1.3 & 0.0001 \
ceN & pu5.00E-1 & 0.0001 \
hline
endarray
References
- Haynes, W. M.; Lide, D. R.; Bruno, T. J. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: A Ready-Reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data.; 2017; Vol. 97.
answered Dec 17 at 20:29
andselisk
13.1k64698
edited Dec 17 at 22:51
answered Dec 17 at 20:29
andselisk
13.1k64698
answered Dec 17 at 20:29
andselisk
13.1k64698
answered Dec 17 at 20:29
andselisk
13.1k64698
13.1k64698
You say the numbers are a bit imprecise, but they have to be, because not all seawater is the same!
– Mr Lister
Dec 18 at 10:50
add a comment |
You say the numbers are a bit imprecise, but they have to be, because not all seawater is the same!
– Mr Lister
Dec 18 at 10:50
You say the numbers are a bit imprecise, but they have to be, because not all seawater is the same!
– Mr Lister
Dec 18 at 10:50
You say the numbers are a bit imprecise, but they have to be, because not all seawater is the same!
– Mr Lister
Dec 18 at 10:50
add a comment |
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