How do I enlarge /home and /swap partitions on GNU/Linux?
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Well, I've gotten myself into a sticky situation. I've just upgraded my laptop's RAM from 8 GB to 16 GB. Now, I know that Linux swap partition serves as a "home" for RAM on most Linux distros, including mine. Also, I have my Linux on a 1 TB HDD. However, when first installing, I've only used 700 GB out of 1 TB and naively thought that I could enlarge later if it were needed. So, 300 GB is basically just laying around doing nothing.
Well, now I need a bigger home and swap partition. However, even after running gparted, I only had the option to shrink these partitions, despite of 300 GB of space marked as 'Unallocated'. Please help me figure out how to enlarge both, so my RAM and storage capacity won't go to waste. Thank you in advance.
Addendum: the output of sudo parted -l:
root@smerdjakov:~# sudo parted -l
Model: ATA TOSHIBA MK1059GS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1048kB 610GB 610GB extended boot
5 1049kB 2000MB 1999MB logical ext4
6 2001MB 102GB 100GB logical ext4
7 102GB 602GB 500GB logical ext4
8 602GB 610GB 7999MB logical linux-swap(v1)
partition storage ram
edited Mar 29 at 22:35
peterh
3,92092755
asked Mar 25 at 12:39
Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
11817
 |Â
show 8 more comments
up vote
1
down vote
favorite
Well, I've gotten myself into a sticky situation. I've just upgraded my laptop's RAM from 8 GB to 16 GB. Now, I know that Linux swap partition serves as a "home" for RAM on most Linux distros, including mine. Also, I have my Linux on a 1 TB HDD. However, when first installing, I've only used 700 GB out of 1 TB and naively thought that I could enlarge later if it were needed. So, 300 GB is basically just laying around doing nothing.
Well, now I need a bigger home and swap partition. However, even after running gparted, I only had the option to shrink these partitions, despite of 300 GB of space marked as 'Unallocated'. Please help me figure out how to enlarge both, so my RAM and storage capacity won't go to waste. Thank you in advance.
Addendum: the output of sudo parted -l:
root@smerdjakov:~# sudo parted -l
Model: ATA TOSHIBA MK1059GS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1048kB 610GB 610GB extended boot
5 1049kB 2000MB 1999MB logical ext4
6 2001MB 102GB 100GB logical ext4
7 102GB 602GB 500GB logical ext4
8 602GB 610GB 7999MB logical linux-swap(v1)
partition storage ram
edited Mar 29 at 22:35
peterh
3,92092755
asked Mar 25 at 12:39
Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
11817
3
What do you mean by "swap partition serves as a home" for RAM? That doesn't make much sense. There's no reason to increase your swap just because you got more RAM, unless you often use all of your RAM and then hibernate your machine. Anyway, please edit your question and show us the output ofsudo parted -l. Also, why don't you just create a new partition in the empty space and mount that in a directory under your home? Why do you need to enlarge?
– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 12:50
I don't know, it just seems more convenient to keep my setup as it is. I'll edit my question in no time. "Swap serves as home to RAM" means that theswapacts as RAM storage for my system (sorry, I'm not a native English speaker, so I'm not very keen on this technical terminology; hence the misunderstanding).
– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 25 at 12:59
Possible duplicate of Why is Kali Linux so hard to set up? Why won't people help me?
– Hauke Laging
Mar 25 at 12:59
2
When you increase RAM, you need less swap, not the opposite. That's just cargo cult from the past (and from a few old versions of Linux where it was required to have at least as much). What you should do is remove the swap entirely because it's in the way of the free 300GB and it's easy to do (but see Why is Kali so hard...). Had you used LVM, you'd have more options
– A.B
Mar 25 at 13:18
@HaukeLaging come on. Please stop using that post as a dupe for anything mentioning Kali. The basic problem here is about MBR extended partitions and has absolutely nothing to do with the OS being used.
– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 14:00
 |Â
show 8 more comments
up vote
1
down vote
favorite
up vote
1
down vote
favorite
Well, I've gotten myself into a sticky situation. I've just upgraded my laptop's RAM from 8 GB to 16 GB. Now, I know that Linux swap partition serves as a "home" for RAM on most Linux distros, including mine. Also, I have my Linux on a 1 TB HDD. However, when first installing, I've only used 700 GB out of 1 TB and naively thought that I could enlarge later if it were needed. So, 300 GB is basically just laying around doing nothing.
Well, now I need a bigger home and swap partition. However, even after running gparted, I only had the option to shrink these partitions, despite of 300 GB of space marked as 'Unallocated'. Please help me figure out how to enlarge both, so my RAM and storage capacity won't go to waste. Thank you in advance.
Addendum: the output of sudo parted -l:
root@smerdjakov:~# sudo parted -l
Model: ATA TOSHIBA MK1059GS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1048kB 610GB 610GB extended boot
5 1049kB 2000MB 1999MB logical ext4
6 2001MB 102GB 100GB logical ext4
7 102GB 602GB 500GB logical ext4
8 602GB 610GB 7999MB logical linux-swap(v1)
partition storage ram
edited Mar 29 at 22:35
peterh
3,92092755
asked Mar 25 at 12:39
Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
11817
Well, I've gotten myself into a sticky situation. I've just upgraded my laptop's RAM from 8 GB to 16 GB. Now, I know that Linux swap partition serves as a "home" for RAM on most Linux distros, including mine. Also, I have my Linux on a 1 TB HDD. However, when first installing, I've only used 700 GB out of 1 TB and naively thought that I could enlarge later if it were needed. So, 300 GB is basically just laying around doing nothing.
Well, now I need a bigger home and swap partition. However, even after running gparted, I only had the option to shrink these partitions, despite of 300 GB of space marked as 'Unallocated'. Please help me figure out how to enlarge both, so my RAM and storage capacity won't go to waste. Thank you in advance.
Addendum: the output of sudo parted -l:
root@smerdjakov:~# sudo parted -l
Model: ATA TOSHIBA MK1059GS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1048kB 610GB 610GB extended boot
5 1049kB 2000MB 1999MB logical ext4
6 2001MB 102GB 100GB logical ext4
7 102GB 602GB 500GB logical ext4
8 602GB 610GB 7999MB logical linux-swap(v1)
partition storage ram
edited Mar 29 at 22:35
peterh
3,92092755
asked Mar 25 at 12:39
Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
11817
edited Mar 29 at 22:35
peterh
3,92092755
edited Mar 29 at 22:35
peterh
3,92092755
edited Mar 29 at 22:35
peterh
3,92092755
3,92092755
asked Mar 25 at 12:39
Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
11817
asked Mar 25 at 12:39
Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
11817
asked Mar 25 at 12:39
Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
11817
11817
3
What do you mean by "swap partition serves as a home" for RAM? That doesn't make much sense. There's no reason to increase your swap just because you got more RAM, unless you often use all of your RAM and then hibernate your machine. Anyway, please edit your question and show us the output ofsudo parted -l. Also, why don't you just create a new partition in the empty space and mount that in a directory under your home? Why do you need to enlarge?
– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 12:50
I don't know, it just seems more convenient to keep my setup as it is. I'll edit my question in no time. "Swap serves as home to RAM" means that theswapacts as RAM storage for my system (sorry, I'm not a native English speaker, so I'm not very keen on this technical terminology; hence the misunderstanding).
– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 25 at 12:59
Possible duplicate of Why is Kali Linux so hard to set up? Why won't people help me?
– Hauke Laging
Mar 25 at 12:59
2
When you increase RAM, you need less swap, not the opposite. That's just cargo cult from the past (and from a few old versions of Linux where it was required to have at least as much). What you should do is remove the swap entirely because it's in the way of the free 300GB and it's easy to do (but see Why is Kali so hard...). Had you used LVM, you'd have more options
– A.B
Mar 25 at 13:18
@HaukeLaging come on. Please stop using that post as a dupe for anything mentioning Kali. The basic problem here is about MBR extended partitions and has absolutely nothing to do with the OS being used.
– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 14:00
 |Â
show 8 more comments
3
What do you mean by "swap partition serves as a home" for RAM? That doesn't make much sense. There's no reason to increase your swap just because you got more RAM, unless you often use all of your RAM and then hibernate your machine. Anyway, please edit your question and show us the output ofsudo parted -l. Also, why don't you just create a new partition in the empty space and mount that in a directory under your home? Why do you need to enlarge?
– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 12:50
I don't know, it just seems more convenient to keep my setup as it is. I'll edit my question in no time. "Swap serves as home to RAM" means that theswapacts as RAM storage for my system (sorry, I'm not a native English speaker, so I'm not very keen on this technical terminology; hence the misunderstanding).
– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 25 at 12:59
Possible duplicate of Why is Kali Linux so hard to set up? Why won't people help me?
– Hauke Laging
Mar 25 at 12:59
2
When you increase RAM, you need less swap, not the opposite. That's just cargo cult from the past (and from a few old versions of Linux where it was required to have at least as much). What you should do is remove the swap entirely because it's in the way of the free 300GB and it's easy to do (but see Why is Kali so hard...). Had you used LVM, you'd have more options
– A.B
Mar 25 at 13:18
@HaukeLaging come on. Please stop using that post as a dupe for anything mentioning Kali. The basic problem here is about MBR extended partitions and has absolutely nothing to do with the OS being used.
– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 14:00
3
3
What do you mean by "swap partition serves as a home" for RAM? That doesn't make much sense. There's no reason to increase your swap just because you got more RAM, unless you often use all of your RAM and then hibernate your machine. Anyway, please edit your question and show us the output of
sudo parted -l. Also, why don't you just create a new partition in the empty space and mount that in a directory under your home? Why do you need to enlarge?– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 12:50
What do you mean by "swap partition serves as a home" for RAM? That doesn't make much sense. There's no reason to increase your swap just because you got more RAM, unless you often use all of your RAM and then hibernate your machine. Anyway, please edit your question and show us the output of
sudo parted -l. Also, why don't you just create a new partition in the empty space and mount that in a directory under your home? Why do you need to enlarge?– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 12:50
I don't know, it just seems more convenient to keep my setup as it is. I'll edit my question in no time. "Swap serves as home to RAM" means that the
swap acts as RAM storage for my system (sorry, I'm not a native English speaker, so I'm not very keen on this technical terminology; hence the misunderstanding).– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 25 at 12:59
I don't know, it just seems more convenient to keep my setup as it is. I'll edit my question in no time. "Swap serves as home to RAM" means that the
swap acts as RAM storage for my system (sorry, I'm not a native English speaker, so I'm not very keen on this technical terminology; hence the misunderstanding).– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 25 at 12:59
Possible duplicate of Why is Kali Linux so hard to set up? Why won't people help me?
– Hauke Laging
Mar 25 at 12:59
Possible duplicate of Why is Kali Linux so hard to set up? Why won't people help me?
– Hauke Laging
Mar 25 at 12:59
2
2
When you increase RAM, you need less swap, not the opposite. That's just cargo cult from the past (and from a few old versions of Linux where it was required to have at least as much). What you should do is remove the swap entirely because it's in the way of the free 300GB and it's easy to do (but see Why is Kali so hard...). Had you used LVM, you'd have more options
– A.B
Mar 25 at 13:18
When you increase RAM, you need less swap, not the opposite. That's just cargo cult from the past (and from a few old versions of Linux where it was required to have at least as much). What you should do is remove the swap entirely because it's in the way of the free 300GB and it's easy to do (but see Why is Kali so hard...). Had you used LVM, you'd have more options
– A.B
Mar 25 at 13:18
@HaukeLaging come on. Please stop using that post as a dupe for anything mentioning Kali. The basic problem here is about MBR extended partitions and has absolutely nothing to do with the OS being used.
– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 14:00
@HaukeLaging come on. Please stop using that post as a dupe for anything mentioning Kali. The basic problem here is about MBR extended partitions and has absolutely nothing to do with the OS being used.
– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 14:00
 |Â
show 8 more comments
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
up vote
1
down vote
You probably don't need that much swap. Unless hibernating when all RAM is in use, you will need less swap.
You can not resize through a partition that is in use. So you need to disable the swap use swapoff to disable it. Then you can move the swap (if still needed). Then resize it (if needed), then resize the other partitions.
Alternatively add additional partition(s), and mount them somewhere. This would be less flexible. As you have to manage what is on each partition.
Alternatively consider LVM, I have no idea if this can be done retrospectively. Hopefully some one else can give an answer to that.
From comment: you seem to have remove the swap. but not told the OS not to use it. Look in fstab, and remove the line related to swap, to disable swap.
answered Mar 29 at 22:56
ctrl-alt-delor
8,76031947
I've already fixed the "Gave up..." error, but it required more than just editing thefstabfile (I had to recompile some.configfiles for some reason). I'm considering making a Kali GNU/Linux bootable USB drive. Through the process of installation, there is also a disk/partition manager. Maybe this particular one will have no problem resizing myhomepartition. Also, what is the difference betweenlogicalandprimarypartitions?
– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 31 at 9:31
Logical/physical are a sort of kludge of the way partitions are/were done on PC. The partition table has only 4 entries, so someone came up with an extension, where you add and extended partition, this has another partition table, and a set of (logical) partitions. Thus allowing more than 4.
– ctrl-alt-delor
Apr 1 at 21:54
add a comment |Â
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
1
down vote
You probably don't need that much swap. Unless hibernating when all RAM is in use, you will need less swap.
You can not resize through a partition that is in use. So you need to disable the swap use swapoff to disable it. Then you can move the swap (if still needed). Then resize it (if needed), then resize the other partitions.
Alternatively add additional partition(s), and mount them somewhere. This would be less flexible. As you have to manage what is on each partition.
Alternatively consider LVM, I have no idea if this can be done retrospectively. Hopefully some one else can give an answer to that.
From comment: you seem to have remove the swap. but not told the OS not to use it. Look in fstab, and remove the line related to swap, to disable swap.
answered Mar 29 at 22:56
ctrl-alt-delor
8,76031947
I've already fixed the "Gave up..." error, but it required more than just editing thefstabfile (I had to recompile some.configfiles for some reason). I'm considering making a Kali GNU/Linux bootable USB drive. Through the process of installation, there is also a disk/partition manager. Maybe this particular one will have no problem resizing myhomepartition. Also, what is the difference betweenlogicalandprimarypartitions?
– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 31 at 9:31
Logical/physical are a sort of kludge of the way partitions are/were done on PC. The partition table has only 4 entries, so someone came up with an extension, where you add and extended partition, this has another partition table, and a set of (logical) partitions. Thus allowing more than 4.
– ctrl-alt-delor
Apr 1 at 21:54
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
You probably don't need that much swap. Unless hibernating when all RAM is in use, you will need less swap.
You can not resize through a partition that is in use. So you need to disable the swap use swapoff to disable it. Then you can move the swap (if still needed). Then resize it (if needed), then resize the other partitions.
Alternatively add additional partition(s), and mount them somewhere. This would be less flexible. As you have to manage what is on each partition.
Alternatively consider LVM, I have no idea if this can be done retrospectively. Hopefully some one else can give an answer to that.
From comment: you seem to have remove the swap. but not told the OS not to use it. Look in fstab, and remove the line related to swap, to disable swap.
answered Mar 29 at 22:56
ctrl-alt-delor
8,76031947
I've already fixed the "Gave up..." error, but it required more than just editing thefstabfile (I had to recompile some.configfiles for some reason). I'm considering making a Kali GNU/Linux bootable USB drive. Through the process of installation, there is also a disk/partition manager. Maybe this particular one will have no problem resizing myhomepartition. Also, what is the difference betweenlogicalandprimarypartitions?
– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 31 at 9:31
Logical/physical are a sort of kludge of the way partitions are/were done on PC. The partition table has only 4 entries, so someone came up with an extension, where you add and extended partition, this has another partition table, and a set of (logical) partitions. Thus allowing more than 4.
– ctrl-alt-delor
Apr 1 at 21:54
add a comment |Â
up vote
1
down vote
up vote
1
down vote
You probably don't need that much swap. Unless hibernating when all RAM is in use, you will need less swap.
You can not resize through a partition that is in use. So you need to disable the swap use swapoff to disable it. Then you can move the swap (if still needed). Then resize it (if needed), then resize the other partitions.
Alternatively add additional partition(s), and mount them somewhere. This would be less flexible. As you have to manage what is on each partition.
Alternatively consider LVM, I have no idea if this can be done retrospectively. Hopefully some one else can give an answer to that.
From comment: you seem to have remove the swap. but not told the OS not to use it. Look in fstab, and remove the line related to swap, to disable swap.
answered Mar 29 at 22:56
ctrl-alt-delor
8,76031947
You probably don't need that much swap. Unless hibernating when all RAM is in use, you will need less swap.
You can not resize through a partition that is in use. So you need to disable the swap use swapoff to disable it. Then you can move the swap (if still needed). Then resize it (if needed), then resize the other partitions.
Alternatively add additional partition(s), and mount them somewhere. This would be less flexible. As you have to manage what is on each partition.
Alternatively consider LVM, I have no idea if this can be done retrospectively. Hopefully some one else can give an answer to that.
From comment: you seem to have remove the swap. but not told the OS not to use it. Look in fstab, and remove the line related to swap, to disable swap.
answered Mar 29 at 22:56
ctrl-alt-delor
8,76031947
answered Mar 29 at 22:56
ctrl-alt-delor
8,76031947
answered Mar 29 at 22:56
ctrl-alt-delor
8,76031947
answered Mar 29 at 22:56
ctrl-alt-delor
8,76031947
8,76031947
I've already fixed the "Gave up..." error, but it required more than just editing thefstabfile (I had to recompile some.configfiles for some reason). I'm considering making a Kali GNU/Linux bootable USB drive. Through the process of installation, there is also a disk/partition manager. Maybe this particular one will have no problem resizing myhomepartition. Also, what is the difference betweenlogicalandprimarypartitions?
– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 31 at 9:31
Logical/physical are a sort of kludge of the way partitions are/were done on PC. The partition table has only 4 entries, so someone came up with an extension, where you add and extended partition, this has another partition table, and a set of (logical) partitions. Thus allowing more than 4.
– ctrl-alt-delor
Apr 1 at 21:54
add a comment |Â
I've already fixed the "Gave up..." error, but it required more than just editing thefstabfile (I had to recompile some.configfiles for some reason). I'm considering making a Kali GNU/Linux bootable USB drive. Through the process of installation, there is also a disk/partition manager. Maybe this particular one will have no problem resizing myhomepartition. Also, what is the difference betweenlogicalandprimarypartitions?
– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 31 at 9:31
Logical/physical are a sort of kludge of the way partitions are/were done on PC. The partition table has only 4 entries, so someone came up with an extension, where you add and extended partition, this has another partition table, and a set of (logical) partitions. Thus allowing more than 4.
– ctrl-alt-delor
Apr 1 at 21:54
I've already fixed the "Gave up..." error, but it required more than just editing the
fstab file (I had to recompile some .config files for some reason). I'm considering making a Kali GNU/Linux bootable USB drive. Through the process of installation, there is also a disk/partition manager. Maybe this particular one will have no problem resizing my home partition. Also, what is the difference between logical and primary partitions?– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 31 at 9:31
I've already fixed the "Gave up..." error, but it required more than just editing the
fstab file (I had to recompile some .config files for some reason). I'm considering making a Kali GNU/Linux bootable USB drive. Through the process of installation, there is also a disk/partition manager. Maybe this particular one will have no problem resizing my home partition. Also, what is the difference between logical and primary partitions?– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 31 at 9:31
Logical/physical are a sort of kludge of the way partitions are/were done on PC. The partition table has only 4 entries, so someone came up with an extension, where you add and extended partition, this has another partition table, and a set of (logical) partitions. Thus allowing more than 4.
– ctrl-alt-delor
Apr 1 at 21:54
Logical/physical are a sort of kludge of the way partitions are/were done on PC. The partition table has only 4 entries, so someone came up with an extension, where you add and extended partition, this has another partition table, and a set of (logical) partitions. Thus allowing more than 4.
– ctrl-alt-delor
Apr 1 at 21:54
add a comment |Â
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3
What do you mean by "swap partition serves as a home" for RAM? That doesn't make much sense. There's no reason to increase your swap just because you got more RAM, unless you often use all of your RAM and then hibernate your machine. Anyway, please edit your question and show us the output of
sudo parted -l. Also, why don't you just create a new partition in the empty space and mount that in a directory under your home? Why do you need to enlarge?– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 12:50
I don't know, it just seems more convenient to keep my setup as it is. I'll edit my question in no time. "Swap serves as home to RAM" means that the
swapacts as RAM storage for my system (sorry, I'm not a native English speaker, so I'm not very keen on this technical terminology; hence the misunderstanding).– Gregor PerÄÂiÄÂ
Mar 25 at 12:59
Possible duplicate of Why is Kali Linux so hard to set up? Why won't people help me?
– Hauke Laging
Mar 25 at 12:59
2
When you increase RAM, you need less swap, not the opposite. That's just cargo cult from the past (and from a few old versions of Linux where it was required to have at least as much). What you should do is remove the swap entirely because it's in the way of the free 300GB and it's easy to do (but see Why is Kali so hard...). Had you used LVM, you'd have more options
– A.B
Mar 25 at 13:18
@HaukeLaging come on. Please stop using that post as a dupe for anything mentioning Kali. The basic problem here is about MBR extended partitions and has absolutely nothing to do with the OS being used.
– terdon♦
Mar 25 at 14:00