Jay


For other uses, see Jay (disambiguation).












Jay

Garrulus glandarius 1 Luc Viatour.jpg

Eurasian jay, the original 'jay' after which all others are named

Scientific classification
Kingdom:

Animalia

Phylum:

Chordata

Class:

Aves

Order:

Passeriformes

Family:

Corvidae


Genera

  • Garrulus

  • Podoces

  • Ptilostomus

  • Perisoreus

  • Aphelocoma

  • Gymnorhinus

  • Cyanocitta

  • Calocitta

  • Cyanocorax

  • Cyanolyca

Jays are several species of medium-sized, usually colorful and noisy, passerine birds in the crow family, Corvidae. The names jay and magpie are somewhat interchangeable, and the evolutionary relationships are rather complex. For example, the Eurasian magpie seems more closely related to the Eurasian jay than to the East Asian blue and green magpies, whereas the blue jay is not closely related to either.




Contents





  • 1 Systematics and species

    • 1.1 Old World ("brown") jays


    • 1.2 Grey jays


    • 1.3 American jays



  • 2 In culture

    • 2.1 Slang



  • 3 References


  • 4 External links




Systematics and species


Jays are not a monophyletic group. Anatomical and molecular evidence indicates they can be divided into an American and an Old World lineage (the latter including the ground jays and the piapiac), while the gray jays of the genus Perisoreus form a group of their own.[1] The black magpie, formerly believed to be related to jays, is classified as a treepie. The crested jay (Platylophus galericulatus) is traditionally placed here, but its placement remains unresolved; it does not seem to be a corvid at all.[1]



Old World ("brown") jays















ImageGenusLiving Species
Peanut Thief (7184679351).jpg
Garrulus Brisson, 1760


  • Eurasian jay, Garrulus glandarius


  • Lanceolated jay, Garrulus lanceolatus


  • Lidth's jay, Garrulus lidthi

Turkestan Ground-Jay.jpg
Podoces Fischer von Waldheim, 1821 - Ground jay

  • Henderson's ground jay, Podoces hendersoni


  • Biddulph's ground jay, Podoces biddulphi


  • Pleske's ground jay, Podoces pleskei


  • Grey ground jay, Podoces panderi

Ptilostomus afer Maroua.jpg
Ptilostomus Swainson, 1837


  • Piapiac, Ptilostomus afer





Grey jays









ImageGenusLiving Species
Perisoreus canadensis mercier2.jpg
Perisoreus Bonaparte, 1831 - Grey jays

  • Siberian jay, Perisoreus infaustus


  • Sichuan jay, Perisoreus internigrans


  • Gray jay, Canada jay, or whiskeyjack Perisoreus canadensis



American jays
























ImageGenusLiving Species
Aphelocoma insularis Bouton 2.jpg
Aphelocoma Cabanis, 1851 - Scrub Jay

  • Florida scrub jay, Aphelocoma coerulescens


  • Island scrub jay, Aphelocoma insularis


  • California scrub jay, Aphelocoma californica


  • Woodhouse's scrub jay, Aphelocoma woodhouseii


  • Transvolcanic jay, Aphelocoma ultramarina


  • Mexican jay, Aphelocoma wollweberi


  • Unicolored jay, Aphelocoma unicolor

Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus1.jpg
Gymnorhinus Wied-Neuwied, 1841


  • Pinyon jay, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus
Bluejay (Cyanocitta cristata) (1547) - Relic38.jpg
Cyanocitta Strickland, 1845


  • Steller's jay, Cyanocitta stelleri


  • Blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata

Black-throated Magpie-Jay (Calocitta colliei) (8079391079) (cropped).jpg
Calocitta G.R. Gray, 1841 - Magpie-jay

  • Black-throated magpie-jay, Calocitta colliei


  • White-throated magpie-jay, Calocitta formosa

Cyanocorax luxuosus calling.jpg
Cyanocorax F. Boie, 1826


  • Tufted jay, Cyanocorax dickeyi


  • Black-chested jay, Cyanocorax affinis


  • Green jay, Cyanocorax ynca


  • Brown jay, Cyanocorax morio


  • Bushy-crested jay, Cyanocorax melanocyaneus


  • San Blas jay, Cyanocorax sanblasianus


  • Yucatan jay, Cyanocorax yucatanicus


  • Purplish-backed jay, Cyanocorax beecheii


  • Purplish jay, Cyanocorax cyanomelas


  • Azure jay, Cyanocorax caeruleus


  • Violaceous jay, Cyanocorax violaceus


  • Curl-crested jay, Cyanocorax cristatellus


  • Azure-naped jay, Cyanocorax heilprini


  • Cayenne jay, Cyanocorax cayanus


  • Plush-crested jay, Cyanocorax chrysops


  • White-naped jay, Cyanocorax cyanopogon


  • White-tailed jay, Cyanocorax mystacalis

Turquoise jay.jpg
Cyanolyca Cabanis, 1851


  • Black-collared jay, Cyanolyca armillata


  • Turquoise jay, Cyanolyca turcosa


  • White-collared jay, Cyanolyca viridicyana


  • Azure-hooded jay, Cyanolyca cucullata


  • Beautiful jay, Cyanolyca pulchra


  • Black-throated jay, Cyanolyca pumilo


  • Dwarf jay, Cyanolyca nana


  • Silvery-throated jay, Cyanolyca argentigula


  • White-throated jay, Cyanolyca mirabilis







In culture



Slang


The word jay has an archaic meaning in American slang meaning a person who chatters impertinently.[2][3]


The term jaywalking was coined in 1915 to label persons crossing a busy street carelessly and becoming a traffic hazard.[4] The term began to imply recklessness or impertinent behavior as the convention became established.[5]


In January 2014, Canadian author Robert Joseph Greene embarked on a lobbying campaign among ornithologists in Europe and North America to get Merriam-Websters Dictionary to have a "Jabber of Jays" as an official term under bird groups.[6][7]



References




  1. ^ ab Ericson, Per G. P.; Jansén, Anna-Lee; Johansson, Ulf S.; Ekman, Jan (May 2005). "Inter-generic relationships of the crows, jays, magpies and allied groups (Aves: Corvidae) based on nucleotide sequence data". Journal of Avian Biology. 36 (3): 222–234. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.493.5531. doi:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2001.03409.x..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
    http://www.nrm.se/download/18.4e32c81078a8d9249800021299/Corvidae%5B1%5D.pdf PDF fulltext


  2. ^ "Jay". freedictionary.com. An overly talkative person; a chatterbox.


  3. ^ "Definition of Jay by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc.


  4. ^ "Definition of Jaywalker by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc.


  5. ^ "jay-walker". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)


  6. ^ "Writer lobbies for new word to describe jays". Vancouver Courier. January 2, 2014. Retrieved January 2, 2014.


  7. ^ "British Ornithologists' Union: What say ye countrymen to a jabber of jays?". Community News. January 6, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2014.






External links



  • Jay videos on the Internet Bird Collection


  • Texts on Wikisource:

    • "Jay" . Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.


    • "Jays" . Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.


    • "Jay" . The New Student's Reference Work . 1914.


    • Newton, Alfred (1911). "Jay" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.).


    • "Jay" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905.


    • Newton, Alfred (1881). "Jay" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 13 (9th ed.).









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