Eurasian jay, the original 'jay' after which all others are named
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Aves
Order:
Passeriformes
Family:
Corvidae
Genera
Garrulus
Podoces
Ptilostomus
Perisoreus
Aphelocoma
Gymnorhinus
Cyanocitta
Calocitta
Cyanocorax
Cyanolyca
Jays are several species of medium-sized, usually colorful and noisy, passerine birds in the crow family, Corvidae. The names jay and magpie are somewhat interchangeable, and the evolutionary relationships are rather complex. For example, the Eurasian magpie seems more closely related to the Eurasian jay than to the East Asian blue and green magpies, whereas the blue jay is not closely related to either.
Contents
1Systematics and species
1.1Old World ("brown") jays
1.2Grey jays
1.3American jays
2In culture
2.1Slang
3References
4External links
Systematics and species
Jays are not a monophyletic group. Anatomical and molecular evidence indicates they can be divided into an American and an Old World lineage (the latter including the ground jays and the piapiac), while the gray jays of the genus Perisoreus form a group of their own.[1] The black magpie, formerly believed to be related to jays, is classified as a treepie. The crested jay (Platylophus galericulatus) is traditionally placed here, but its placement remains unresolved; it does not seem to be a corvid at all.[1]
Old World ("brown") jays
Image
Genus
Living Species
GarrulusBrisson, 1760
Eurasian jay, Garrulus glandarius
Lanceolated jay, Garrulus lanceolatus
Lidth's jay, Garrulus lidthi
PodocesFischer von Waldheim, 1821 - Ground jay
Henderson's ground jay, Podoces hendersoni
Biddulph's ground jay, Podoces biddulphi
Pleske's ground jay, Podoces pleskei
Grey ground jay, Podoces panderi
PtilostomusSwainson, 1837
Piapiac, Ptilostomus afer
Grey jays
Image
Genus
Living Species
PerisoreusBonaparte, 1831 - Grey jays
Siberian jay, Perisoreus infaustus
Sichuan jay, Perisoreus internigrans
Gray jay, Canada jay, or whiskeyjack Perisoreus canadensis
American jays
Image
Genus
Living Species
AphelocomaCabanis, 1851 - Scrub Jay
Florida scrub jay, Aphelocoma coerulescens
Island scrub jay, Aphelocoma insularis
California scrub jay, Aphelocoma californica
Woodhouse's scrub jay, Aphelocoma woodhouseii
Transvolcanic jay, Aphelocoma ultramarina
Mexican jay, Aphelocoma wollweberi
Unicolored jay, Aphelocoma unicolor
GymnorhinusWied-Neuwied, 1841
Pinyon jay, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus
CyanocittaStrickland, 1845
Steller's jay, Cyanocitta stelleri
Blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata
CalocittaG.R. Gray, 1841 - Magpie-jay
Black-throated magpie-jay, Calocitta colliei
White-throated magpie-jay, Calocitta formosa
CyanocoraxF. Boie, 1826
Tufted jay, Cyanocorax dickeyi
Black-chested jay, Cyanocorax affinis
Green jay, Cyanocorax ynca
Brown jay, Cyanocorax morio
Bushy-crested jay, Cyanocorax melanocyaneus
San Blas jay, Cyanocorax sanblasianus
Yucatan jay, Cyanocorax yucatanicus
Purplish-backed jay, Cyanocorax beecheii
Purplish jay, Cyanocorax cyanomelas
Azure jay, Cyanocorax caeruleus
Violaceous jay, Cyanocorax violaceus
Curl-crested jay, Cyanocorax cristatellus
Azure-naped jay, Cyanocorax heilprini
Cayenne jay, Cyanocorax cayanus
Plush-crested jay, Cyanocorax chrysops
White-naped jay, Cyanocorax cyanopogon
White-tailed jay, Cyanocorax mystacalis
CyanolycaCabanis, 1851
Black-collared jay, Cyanolyca armillata
Turquoise jay, Cyanolyca turcosa
White-collared jay, Cyanolyca viridicyana
Azure-hooded jay, Cyanolyca cucullata
Beautiful jay, Cyanolyca pulchra
Black-throated jay, Cyanolyca pumilo
Dwarf jay, Cyanolyca nana
Silvery-throated jay, Cyanolyca argentigula
White-throated jay, Cyanolyca mirabilis
In culture
Slang
The word jay has an archaic meaning in American slang meaning a person who chatters impertinently.[2][3]
The term jaywalking was coined in 1915 to label persons crossing a busy street carelessly and becoming a traffic hazard.[4] The term began to imply recklessness or impertinent behavior as the convention became established.[5]
In January 2014, Canadian author Robert Joseph Greene embarked on a lobbying campaign among ornithologists in Europe and North America to get Merriam-Websters Dictionary to have a "Jabber of Jays" as an official term under bird groups.[6][7]
References
^ abEricson, Per G. P.; Jansén, Anna-Lee; Johansson, Ulf S.; Ekman, Jan (May 2005). "Inter-generic relationships of the crows, jays, magpies and allied groups (Aves: Corvidae) based on nucleotide sequence data". Journal of Avian Biology. 36 (3): 222–234. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.493.5531. doi:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2001.03409.x..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em http://www.nrm.se/download/18.4e32c81078a8d9249800021299/Corvidae%5B1%5D.pdf PDF fulltext
^"Jay". freedictionary.com. An overly talkative person; a chatterbox.
^"Definition of Jay by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc.
^"Definition of Jaywalker by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc.
^"jay-walker". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^"Writer lobbies for new word to describe jays". Vancouver Courier. January 2, 2014. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
^"British Ornithologists' Union: What say ye countrymen to a jabber of jays?". Community News. January 6, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
External links
Jay videos on the Internet Bird Collection
Texts on Wikisource:
"Jay" . Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
"Jays" . Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
"Jay" . The New Student's Reference Work. 1914.
Newton, Alfred (1911). "Jay" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.).
"Jay" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
Newton, Alfred (1881). "Jay" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 13 (9th ed.).
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Texts on Wikisource:
Texts on Wikisource:
