Umbel


An umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) which spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botany in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade".[1] The arrangement can vary from being flat topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules[2] or umbellets.[3] A small umbel is called an umbellule.[3] The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).


Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.


An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.[3][4] A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.



Gallery





  • Compound umbel of a hemlock-parsley, Conioselinum pacificum (Apiaceae)







  • Compound umbel of a wild carrot, Daucus carota (Apiaceae)







  • Simple umbel of Fatsia japonica (Araliaceae)







  • Involucrate simple umbels of Primula veris.





References




  1. ^ umbel etymology


  2. ^ Menglan She, Fading Pu, Zehui Pan, Mark Watson, John F. M. Cannon, Ingrid Holmes-Smith, Eugene V. Kljuykov, Loy R. Phillippe & Michael G. Pimenov. "Apiaceae Lindley". Flora of China. 14. Retrieved 15 January 2019 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link).mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  3. ^ abc Beentje, H.; Williamson, J. (2010). The Kew Plant Glossary: an Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Kew Publishing.


  4. ^ Walters, D.R.; Keil, D.J. (1975). Vascular Plant Taxonomy. Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.




Further reading



  • Hinderer, Walter; Noé, Wolfgang; Seitz, Hanns Ulrich (1983). "Differentiation of metabolic pathways in the umbel of Daucus carota". Phytochemistry. 22 (11): 2417–2420. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(83)80131-9. ISSN 0031-9422.


  • Toben, H.-M.; Rudoph, K (1996). "Pseudomonas syringae pv. coriandricola, Incitant of Bacterial Umbel Blight and Seed Decay of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) in Germany". Journal of Phytopathology. 144 (4): 169–178. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1996.tb01510.x. ISSN 0931-1785.


  • Peterson, L. E.; Clark, R. J.; Menary, R. C. (1993). "Umbel Initiation and Stem Elongation in Fennel(Foeniculum vulgare)Initiated by Photoperiod". Journal of Essential Oil Research. 5 (1): 37–43. doi:10.1080/10412905.1993.9698168. ISSN 1041-2905.







-

Popular posts from this blog

How to check contact read email or not when send email to Individual?

Image
Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP up vote 1 down vote favorite I'm using WordPress 4.9.8, CiviCRM to 5.5.1, I usually send email to contact by Search> Find contacts View contact details Action> Send email Send email ok, Contact received mail ok like picture But status only Email sent though contact read email or not. So, can CiviCRM can change status to Email read when contact read email? wordpress email share | improve this question asked Sep 26 at 0:12 ToanLuong 49 9 add a comment  |  up vote 1 down vote favorite I'm using WordPress 4.9.8, CiviCRM to 5.5.1, I usually send email to contact by Search> Find contacts View contact details Action> Send email Send email ok, Contact received mail ok like picture But status only Email sent though contact read email or not. So, can CiviCRM can change status to Email read when contact read email? wordpress email share | improve this questi...
Read more

How many registers does an x86_64 CPU actually have?

Image
Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP up vote 2 down vote favorite I am currently learning reverse engineering and am studying the flags register. I had in my mind that rflags was just another name for one of the 16 general purpose registers, for example rax or rbx . But it looks like rflags is actually an additional register. So that makes 17 registers in total... how many more could there be? I have spent at least an hour on this and found numerous different answers. The best answer so far is this, which says that there are 40 registers in total. 16 General Purpose Registers 2 Status Registers 6 Code Segment Registers 16 SSE Registers 8 FPU/MMX Registers But if I add that up, I get 48. Could anybody provide an official answer on how many registers an x86_64 CPU has (e.g. an Intel i7). Additionally, I have seen references to 'hardware' and 'architectural' registers. What are those registers and how many are there? register x86-64 share | improve this...
Read more

Nur Jahan

Image
For other people named Noor Jahan, see Noor Jahan (disambiguation). Nur Jahan نور جہاں Padshah Begum Idealized portrait of the Mughal empress Nur Jahan Empress consort of the Mughal Empire Tenure 25 May 1611 - 28 October 1627 Coronation 1611 Predecessor Saliha Banu Begum Successor Mumtaz Mahal Naib-i-Sultanat of the Mughal Empire Tenure 1616 - 28 October 1627 Born Mehr-un-Nissa 31 May 1577 Kandahar, Afghanistan Died 17 December 1645 (1645-12-17) (aged 68) Lahore, Mughal Empire (present-day Pakistan) Burial Tomb of Nur Jahan, Lahore Spouse Sher Afgan Khan ( m. 1594–1607) Jahangir ( m. 1611–1627) Issue Ladli Begum House Timurid (by marriage) Father Mirza Ghiyas Beg Mother Asmat Begam Religion Shia Islam Nur Jahan (born Mehr-un-Nissa ) (31 May 1577 – 18 December 1645 [1] ) was the twentieth (and last) wife of the Mughal emperor Jahangir. Nur Jahan was born Mehr-un-Nissa, the daughter of a Grand Vizier (Minister) who served...
Read more