Commandant of the Marine Corps























Commandant of the Marine Corps

CMC

Flag of the Commandant of the United States Marine Corps.svg
Flag of the Commandant of the Marine Corps


Neller 2015 2.jpg

Incumbent
General Robert Neller

since 24 September 2015
Department of the Navy
Member ofJoint Chiefs of Staff
Reports to
Secretary of Defense
Secretary of the Navy
Seat
The Pentagon, Arlington County, Virginia, U.S.
AppointerThe President
with Senate advice and consent
Term length4 years
Renewable once (In time of war or during a national emergency declared by Congress)
Constituting instrument
10 U.S.C. § 5043
Formation28 November 1775de facto,
12 July 1798de jure
First holderSamuel Nicholas
DeputyAssistant Commandant of the Marine Corps
WebsiteOfficial website

The Commandant of the Marine Corps (CMC) is normally the highest-ranking officer in the United States Marine Corps and is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.[1] The CMC reports directly to the United States Secretary of the Navy and is responsible for ensuring the organization, policy, plans, and programs for the Marine Corps as well as advising the President, the Secretary of Defense, the National Security Council,[1] the Homeland Security Council,[1] and the Secretary of the Navy on matters involving the Marine Corps. Under the authority of the Secretary of the Navy, the CMC designates Marine personnel and resources to the commanders of Unified Combatant Commands.[2] The Commandant performs all other functions prescribed in Section 5043 in Title 10 of the United States Code[3] or delegates those duties and responsibilities to other officers in his administration in his name. As with the other joint chiefs, the Commandant is an administrative position and has no operational command authority over United States Marine Corps forces.


The Commandant is nominated by the President for a four-year term of office and must be confirmed by the Senate.[3] By statute, the Commandant is appointed as a four-star general while serving in office.[3] "The Commandant is directly responsible to the Secretary of the Navy for the total performance of the Marine Corps. This includes the administration, discipline, internal organization, training, requirements, efficiency, and readiness of the service. The Commandant is also responsible for the operation of the Marine Corps material support system."[4] Since 1801, the official residence of the Commandant has been located in the Marine Barracks in Washington, D.C. and his main offices are in Arlington County, Virginia.




Contents





  • 1 Responsibilities


  • 2 List of commandants

    • 2.1 Timeline



  • 3 See also


  • 4 References

    • 4.1 Notes


    • 4.2 General



  • 5 External links




Responsibilities


The responsibilities of the Commandant are outlined in Title 10, Section 5043, the United States Code[3] and the position is "subject to the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of the Navy." As stated in the U.S. Code, the Commandant "shall preside over the Headquarters, Marine Corps, transmit the plans and recommendations of the Headquarters, Marine Corps, to the Secretary and advise the Secretary with regard to such plans and recommendations, after approval of the plans or recommendations of the Headquarters, Marine Corps, by the Secretary, act as the agent of the Secretary in carrying them into effect, exercise supervision, consistent with the authority assigned to commanders of unified or specified combatant commands under chapter 6 of this title, over such of the members and organizations of the Marine Corps and the Navy as the Secretary determines, perform the duties prescribed for him by section 171 of this title and other provisions of law and perform such other military duties, not otherwise assigned by law, as are assigned to him by the President, the Secretary of Defense, or the Secretary of the Navy."[3]



List of commandants


Thirty-seven[5] men have served as the Commandant of the Marine Corps. The first Commandant was Samuel Nicholas, who took office as a captain,[5] though there was no office titled "Commandant" at the time, and the Second Continental Congress had authorized that the senior-most Marine could take a rank up to Colonel.[6] The longest-serving was Archibald Henderson, sometimes referred to as the "Grand old man of the Marine Corps" due to his thirty-nine-year tenure.[5] In the history of the United States Marine Corps, only one Commandant has ever been fired from the job: Anthony Gale, as a result of a court-martial in 1820.[5]



















































































































































































































































































#
Picture
Name
Rank
Start of tenure
End of tenure
Notes
1

black & white portrait of Samuel Nicholas

NicholasSamuel Nicholas

O-04 Major

28 November 1775

27 August 1783
The first de facto Commandant for his role as the senior-most officer of the Continental Marines.[7]
2

black & white portrait of William W. Burrows

BurrowsWilliam W. Burrows

O-05 Lieutenant colonel

12 July 1798

6 March 1804
The first de jure Commandant, he started many important organizations within the Marine Corps, including the United States Marine Band

3.03

black & white portrait of Franklin Wharton

WhartonFranklin Wharton

O-05 Lieutenant colonel

7 March 1804

1 September 1818
The first Commandant to be court-martialed (acquitted) and the first to occupy the Commandant's House at the Marine Barracks, Washington, D.C.

3.5

black & white portrait of Archibald Henderson

Henderson1Archibald Henderson
(acting)

O-05 Major

September 16, 1818

2 March 1819
Acting Commandant, would later serve as Commandant from 1820 to 1859
4



GaleAnthony Gale

O-05 Lieutenant Colonel

3 March 1819

8 October 1820
The second Commandant to be court-martialed and the only Commandant to be fired. Burial location is unknown and no photos have ever been located.
5

black & white portrait of Archibald Henderson

Henderson2Archibald Henderson

O-07 Brevet Brigadier General

17 October 1820

6 January 1859
The longest-serving Commandant; known as the "Grand old man of the Marine Corps"; known for his role in expanding the Marine Corps' mission to include expeditionary warfare and rapid deployment[8]
6

black & white photograph of John Harris

HarrisJohn Harris

O-06Colonel

7 January 1859

1 May 1864
Commandant during most of the American Civil War
7

black & white photograph of Jacob Zeilin

ZeilinJacob Zeilin

O-07Brigadier General

10 June 1864

31 October 1876
Became the Marine Corps' first general officer, officially approved of the design of the Eagle, Globe, and Anchor as the emblem of the Marine Corps
8

black & white photograph of Charles G. McCawley

McCawleyCharles G. McCawley

O-06Colonel

1 November 1876

29 January 1891
Chose "Semper Fidelis", Latin for "Always Faithful", as the official Marine Corps motto
9

black & white portrait of Charles Heywood

HeywoodCharles Heywood

O-08 Major General

30 June 1891

2 October 1903
Was the first Marine to hold the rank of Major General
10

black & white portrait of George F. Elliott

ElliottGeorge F. Elliott

O-08 Major General

3 October 1903

30 November 1910
Successfully resisted attempts to remove seagoing Marines from capital ships and to merge the Corps into the United States Army
11

black & white photograph of William P. Biddle

BiddleWilliam P. Biddle

O-08 Major General

3 February 1911

24 February 1914
Established the Advanced Base Force, forerunner of today's Fleet Marine Force
12

black & white portrait of George Barnett

BarnettGeorge Barnett

O-08 Major General

25 February 1914

30 June 1920
Served as Commandant during World War I, which caused a huge increase in personnel during his term
13

black & white portrait of John A. Lejeune

LejeuneJohn A. Lejeune

O-08 Major General

1 July 1920

4 March 1929
Started the tradition of the birthday ball with Marine Corps Order 47, still read annually. Commanded a US Army division (the 2nd Infantry Division) in combat during World War I.
14

black & white portrait of Wendall C. Neville

NevilleWendell C. Neville

O-08 Major General

5 March 1929

8 July 1930
Recipient of the Medal of Honor and Marine Corps Brevet Medal
15

black & white photograph of Ben H. Fuller

FullerBen H. Fuller

O-08 Major General

9 July 1930

28 February 1934
Consolidated the Fleet Marine Force concept
16

black & white photograph of John H. Russell Jr.

RussellJohn H. Russell Jr.

O-08 Major General

1 March 1934

30 November 1936
The system of seniority promotions of officers was changed to advancement by selection, the 1st Marine Brigade was withdrawn from Haiti, and the number of ships carrying Marine detachments continued to increase.
17

black & white photograph of Thomas Holcomb

HolcombThomas Holcomb

O-09 Lieutenant General

1 December 1936

31 December 1943
Expanded the Corps almost 20 times in size for World War II and integrated women into the Corps. The first Marine to be advanced (after retirement) to the rank of General
18

black & white photograph of Alexander A. Vandegrift

VandegriftAlexander Vandegrift

O-09 General

1 January 1944

31 December 1947
Recipient of the Medal of Honor. Was the first active duty Marine to hold the rank of General, resisted attempts to merge the Corps with the Army
19

black & white photograph of Clifton B. Cates

CatesClifton B. Cates

O-10General

1 January 1948

31 December 1951
Recipient of the Navy Cross. Commandant during early stage of the Korean War.
20

black & white photograph of Lemuel C. Shepherd Jr.

ShepherdLemuel C. Shepherd Jr.

O-10General

1 January 1952

31 December 1955
Recipient of the Navy Cross and last World War I veteran to be Commandant. First Commandant to serve on the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Commandant during the Korean War.
21

black & white photograph of Randolph M. Pate

PateRandolph M. Pate

O-10General

1 January 1956

31 December 1959
Commandant between U.S. involvement in the Korean War and Vietnam War.
22

black & white photograph of David M. Shoup

ShoupDavid M. Shoup

O-10General

1 January 1960

31 December 1963
Recipient of the Medal of Honor. Opposed U.S. involvement in South Vietnam based on strategy and undue influence of corporations and military officials in foreign policy. Historians consider Shoup's criticisms to be among the most pointed and high-profile leveled by a veteran against the Vietnam War.
23

black & white photograph of Wallace M. Greene Jr.

GreeneWallace M. Greene Jr.

O-10General

1 January 1964

31 December 1967
Oversaw the expansion of the Corps role in the Vietnam War
24

black & white photograph of Leonard F. Chapman Jr.

ChapmanLeonard F. Chapman Jr.

O-10General

1 January 1968

31 December 1971
Was the Commandant during the final years of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. During his period in command, the III Marine Amphibious Force withdrew from Vietnam and the strength of the Corps dropped from a peak of 289,000 to 198,000.
25

black & white photograph of Robert E. Cushman Jr.

CushmanRobert E. Cushman Jr.

O-10General

1 January 1972

30 June 1975
Oversaw the withdrawal of the Marines from Vietnam and a decline in the Corps' peacetime strength to 194,000
26

Color of Louis H. Wilson Jr.

WilsonLouis H. Wilson Jr.

O-10General

1 July 1975

30 June 1979
Recipient of the Medal of Honor for capture of Guam
27

color photograph of Robert H. Barrow

BarrowRobert H. Barrow

O-10General

1 July 1979

30 June 1983
Last World War II veteran to be Commandant. Was the first Commandant to serve as a full member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, acquired approval of production of the American-modified Harrier aircraft, and several other improvements to enhance the effectiveness of the Marine Corps
28

Color photograph of Paul X. Kelley

KelleyPaul X. Kelley

O-10General

1 July 1983

30 June 1987
Commandant when the Marine Barracks bombing occurred in Beirut during the 1982-84 multinational force peacekeeping mission under the Reagan Administration. In 2007, General Kelley published in the Washington Post an opinion piece that had a negative opinion on the use of enhanced interrogation techniques
29

color photograph of Alfred M. Gray Jr., the only Marine in this list wearing utilities instead of a service or dress uniform

GrayAlfred M. Gray Jr.

O-10General

1 July 1987

30 June 1991
The Alfred M. Gray Research Center at Marine Corps Base Quantico houses the Marine Corps Archives and Special Collections, the Quantico Base Library, and the research library for the Marine Corps University.
As a reminder that the primary role of every Marine is a rifleman, he had his official photograph taken in the Camouflage Utility Uniform, the only Commandant to have done so.
30

color photograph of Carl E. Mundy Jr.

MundyCarl E. Mundy Jr.

O-10General

1 July 1991

30 June 1995
After retirement, he served as president and CEO of the United Service Organizations (USO), and was the chairman of the Marine Corps University Foundation.
31

color photograph of Charles C. Krulak

KrulakCharles C. Krulak

O-10General

1 July 1995

30 June 1999
Was the son of Marine Corps Lieutenant General Victor H. Krulak. Came up with the concept of the 'Strategic Corporal' and the 'Three Block War'. Introduced The Crucible, a final test of Marine recruits.
32

color photograph of James L. Jones

JonesJames L. Jones

O-10General

1 July 1999

12 January 2003
Oversaw the Marine Corps' development of MARPAT camouflage uniforms and the adoption of the Marine Corps Martial Arts Program; later became the first Marine officer to serve as Commander, U.S. European Command (USEUCOM) and NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR), then as National Security Advisor for the Obama Administration.
33

color photograph of Michael W. Hagee

HageeMichael W. Hagee

O-10General

January 13, 2003

13 November 2006
Guided the Corps through the initial years of the Iraq War
34

color photograph of James T. Conway

ConwayJames T. Conway

O-10General

13 November 2006

22 October 2010
Commanded Marines forces in the Iraq War and oversaw expansion of the Corps to 202,000 personnel.
First Commandant in nearly 40 years to have not served in the Vietnam War.
35

Official portrait from Amos, 2010

AmosJames F. Amos

O-10General

22 October 2010

17 October 2014
First naval aviator to serve as Commandant.[9]
36

Official portrait from Dunford, 2014

DunfordJoseph Dunford

O-10General

17 October 2014

24 September 2015
First Commandant and second Marine to be promoted to Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
37

Official portrait from Neller, 2015

NellerRobert B. Neller

O-10General

24 September 2015
Incumbent


Timeline



Robert NellerJoseph F. Dunford, Jr.James F. AmosJames T. ConwayMichael HageeJames L. JonesCharles C. KrulakCarl Epting Mundy, Jr.Alfred M. Gray, Jr.Paul X. KelleyRobert H. BarrowLouis H. Wilson Jr.Robert E. Cushman, Jr.Leonard F. Chapman, Jr.Wallace M. GreeneDavid M. ShoupRandolph M. PateLemuel C. Shepherd Jr.Clifton B. CatesAlexander VandegriftThomas HolcombJohn H. Russell, Jr.Ben Hebard FullerWendell Cushing NevilleJohn A. LejeuneGeorge BarnettWilliam P. BiddleGeorge F. ElliottCharles HeywoodCharles Grymes McCawleyJacob ZeilinJohn Harris (USMC)Anthony GaleArchibald HendersonFranklin WhartonWilliam Ward Burrows ISamuel Nicholas


See also



  • Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps

  • Military Secretary to the Commandant of the Marine Corps

  • Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps


References



Notes




  1. ^ abc 10 U.S.C. § 151 Joint Chiefs of Staff: composition; functions.


  2. ^ 10 U.S.C. § 165 Combatant commands: administration and support


  3. ^ abcde 10 U.S.C. § 5043 Commandant of the Marine Corps


  4. ^ "Appendix A: How the Marines Are Organized". Marine Corps Concepts and Programs 2006 (PDF). United States Marine Corps. p. 252. Retrieved 6 May 2007..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  5. ^ abcd "Commandants of the U.S. Marine Corps". Historical Topics: Frequently Requested. Reference Branch, History Division, United States Marine Corps. Archived from the original on 19 December 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2007.


  6. ^ Journal of the Continental Congress (10 November 1775). "Resolution Establishing the Continental Marines". United States Marine Corps History Division. Archived from the original on 7 October 2010. Retrieved 2 February 2010.


  7. ^ Hoffman, Col Jon T. (2002). Marine Corps Association, ed. USMC: A Complete History. Beth L. Crumley (illustration editor), Charles J. Ziga (design), Col John Greenwood (editor), James O. Muschett (editor). Hugh Lauter Levin Associates. ISBN 0-88363-650-6. Archived from the original on 4 May 2009.


  8. ^ Krivdo, Michael E. (2009). "Harpers Ferry: Last Action of "Henderson Era"". Fortitudine. Quantico, VA: United States Marine Corps Historical Program. 34 (4): 7–11. ISBN 0-16-010404-1. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 1 February 2010.


  9. ^ Shea, Sgt Jimmy D. (22 October 2010). "Taking the Reins: Marine Corps Welcomes New Commandant". Headquarters Marine Corps. United States Marine Corps. Archived from the original on 26 October 2010. Retrieved 22 October 2010.




General



  •  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps.


  • Allan Reed Millett and Jack Shulimson, eds. (2004). Commandants of the Marine Corps. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-87021-012-9.CS1 maint: Uses editors parameter (link)


  • Ulbrich, David J. (2011). Preparing for Victory: Thomas Holcomb and the Making of the Modern Marine Corps, 1936-183. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9781591149033.


External links




  • Official website











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