Replace only first instance of a character

The name of the pictureThe name of the pictureThe name of the pictureClash Royale CLAN TAG#URR8PPP












2















for example I have scv file which looks like



a1, b1, c1, d1
a2, b2, c2, d2
a3, b3, c3, d3


What I want to do is to replace the first comma , with the semicolon ;. The position of first comma can be variable (a in the rows n and m can have different lengths). Finally my file shall look like



a1; b1, c1, d1
a2; b2, c2, d2
a3; b3, c3, d3


The other commas have to remain. Can somebody please tell me the most simple solution?



PS my solution doesn't work: sed '/s/,/;/g' file.csv










share|improve this question



















  • 3





    Do sed 's/,/;/' file.csv satisfy you?

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:20











  • no, I have got next error message: sed: -e expression #1, char 7: missing command

    – Guforu
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:25











  • Do you miss quotes?

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:27











  • I have used already the sed command, but just with /g at the end - > sed /s/,/;/g. Your code produces by me an error message. Anyway, I'm not sure this code will change all the commas. I need to change only the firs one.

    – Guforu
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:30







  • 1





    With g sed change all commas in line, without it - just first. It cannot be true sed "s/,/;/g" do work and sed "s/,/;/" gets error. If you sence with sed try while IFS=, read a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:37















2















for example I have scv file which looks like



a1, b1, c1, d1
a2, b2, c2, d2
a3, b3, c3, d3


What I want to do is to replace the first comma , with the semicolon ;. The position of first comma can be variable (a in the rows n and m can have different lengths). Finally my file shall look like



a1; b1, c1, d1
a2; b2, c2, d2
a3; b3, c3, d3


The other commas have to remain. Can somebody please tell me the most simple solution?



PS my solution doesn't work: sed '/s/,/;/g' file.csv










share|improve this question



















  • 3





    Do sed 's/,/;/' file.csv satisfy you?

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:20











  • no, I have got next error message: sed: -e expression #1, char 7: missing command

    – Guforu
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:25











  • Do you miss quotes?

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:27











  • I have used already the sed command, but just with /g at the end - > sed /s/,/;/g. Your code produces by me an error message. Anyway, I'm not sure this code will change all the commas. I need to change only the firs one.

    – Guforu
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:30







  • 1





    With g sed change all commas in line, without it - just first. It cannot be true sed "s/,/;/g" do work and sed "s/,/;/" gets error. If you sence with sed try while IFS=, read a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:37













2












2








2


2






for example I have scv file which looks like



a1, b1, c1, d1
a2, b2, c2, d2
a3, b3, c3, d3


What I want to do is to replace the first comma , with the semicolon ;. The position of first comma can be variable (a in the rows n and m can have different lengths). Finally my file shall look like



a1; b1, c1, d1
a2; b2, c2, d2
a3; b3, c3, d3


The other commas have to remain. Can somebody please tell me the most simple solution?



PS my solution doesn't work: sed '/s/,/;/g' file.csv










share|improve this question
















for example I have scv file which looks like



a1, b1, c1, d1
a2, b2, c2, d2
a3, b3, c3, d3


What I want to do is to replace the first comma , with the semicolon ;. The position of first comma can be variable (a in the rows n and m can have different lengths). Finally my file shall look like



a1; b1, c1, d1
a2; b2, c2, d2
a3; b3, c3, d3


The other commas have to remain. Can somebody please tell me the most simple solution?



PS my solution doesn't work: sed '/s/,/;/g' file.csv







text-processing sed csv






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Jul 25 '16 at 21:00









Gilles

533k12810721594




533k12810721594










asked Jul 25 '16 at 13:18









GuforuGuforu

203149




203149







  • 3





    Do sed 's/,/;/' file.csv satisfy you?

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:20











  • no, I have got next error message: sed: -e expression #1, char 7: missing command

    – Guforu
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:25











  • Do you miss quotes?

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:27











  • I have used already the sed command, but just with /g at the end - > sed /s/,/;/g. Your code produces by me an error message. Anyway, I'm not sure this code will change all the commas. I need to change only the firs one.

    – Guforu
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:30







  • 1





    With g sed change all commas in line, without it - just first. It cannot be true sed "s/,/;/g" do work and sed "s/,/;/" gets error. If you sence with sed try while IFS=, read a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:37












  • 3





    Do sed 's/,/;/' file.csv satisfy you?

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:20











  • no, I have got next error message: sed: -e expression #1, char 7: missing command

    – Guforu
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:25











  • Do you miss quotes?

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:27











  • I have used already the sed command, but just with /g at the end - > sed /s/,/;/g. Your code produces by me an error message. Anyway, I'm not sure this code will change all the commas. I need to change only the firs one.

    – Guforu
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:30







  • 1





    With g sed change all commas in line, without it - just first. It cannot be true sed "s/,/;/g" do work and sed "s/,/;/" gets error. If you sence with sed try while IFS=, read a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 13:37







3




3





Do sed 's/,/;/' file.csv satisfy you?

– Costas
Jul 25 '16 at 13:20





Do sed 's/,/;/' file.csv satisfy you?

– Costas
Jul 25 '16 at 13:20













no, I have got next error message: sed: -e expression #1, char 7: missing command

– Guforu
Jul 25 '16 at 13:25





no, I have got next error message: sed: -e expression #1, char 7: missing command

– Guforu
Jul 25 '16 at 13:25













Do you miss quotes?

– Costas
Jul 25 '16 at 13:27





Do you miss quotes?

– Costas
Jul 25 '16 at 13:27













I have used already the sed command, but just with /g at the end - > sed /s/,/;/g. Your code produces by me an error message. Anyway, I'm not sure this code will change all the commas. I need to change only the firs one.

– Guforu
Jul 25 '16 at 13:30






I have used already the sed command, but just with /g at the end - > sed /s/,/;/g. Your code produces by me an error message. Anyway, I'm not sure this code will change all the commas. I need to change only the firs one.

– Guforu
Jul 25 '16 at 13:30





1




1





With g sed change all commas in line, without it - just first. It cannot be true sed "s/,/;/g" do work and sed "s/,/;/" gets error. If you sence with sed try while IFS=, read a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv

– Costas
Jul 25 '16 at 13:37





With g sed change all commas in line, without it - just first. It cannot be true sed "s/,/;/g" do work and sed "s/,/;/" gets error. If you sence with sed try while IFS=, read a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv

– Costas
Jul 25 '16 at 13:37










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















2














Pure bash solution



while IFS=, read -r a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv


Or just for fun



paste -d; <(cut -d, -f1 file.csv) <(cut -d, -f1 --complement file.csv)





share|improve this answer




















  • 1





    Try the first one on an input like 1,2, or 1,2 or 1. See also Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 14:36











  • @StéphaneChazelas Thank you for comment, I have -r option added.

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:33











  • good. That addresses 1,2, but not the 1,2, or 1 cases though. Note that , is not special, you don't need to quote it.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:47



















13














The g in:



sed 's/,/;/g'


is for globally, that is to substitute all occurrences of , with ;.



If you want to do only one substitution per line, take off the g:



sed 's/,/;/'


And for completeness:



You can also specify which occurrence to substitute. For instance, to substitute only the second occurrence:



sed 's/,/;/2'


With GNU sed, you can also substitute all occurrences starting from the second one (in effect, all but the first one) with:



sed 's/,/;/2g'


To perform two substitutions, in this case:



sed 's/,/;/;s/,/;/'


Where it gets more complicated is when the pattern can match the substitution (or parts of it), for instance when substituting , with <,>. sed has no built-in mechanism to address that. You may want to use perl instead in that case:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++ < 2 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


perl -pe is perl's sed mode (note that the regex syntax is different). With the e flag of the s/// operator, the replacement is considered as code. There, we replace , with <,> only when our incremented counter is < 2. Otherwise, we replace the , with itself ($& actually referring to the matched string like & in sed's s command).



You can generalise that for a range or set of substitutions. Like for 3rd to 5th and 7th to 9th:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++;
$i >=3 && $i <= 5 || $i >= 7 && $i <= 9 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


To replace only the first occurrence in the whole input (as opposed to in each line):



sed -e 's/,/;/;t done' -e b -e :done -e 'n;b done'


That is, upon the first successful substitution, go into a loop that just prints the rest of the input.



With GNU sed, you can use the pseudo address 0:



sed '0,/,/s//;/'



Note



I suppose it's a typo, but the



sed '/s/,/;/g'


command you wrote in your question is something completely different.



That's doing:



sed '/start/,/end/g'


where start is s and end is ;. That is, applying the g command (replace the pattern space with the content of the hold space (empty here as you never hold anything)) for sections of the file in between one that contains s and the next one that contains ;.






share|improve this answer

























  • Note that to only replace 1st occurence in a file (not in a line) you need to do something else. See: linuxconfig.org/…

    – Nux
    Jan 10 at 12:15











  • @Nux. Thanks, I've added a section about that.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jan 10 at 14:18










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2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes








2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









2














Pure bash solution



while IFS=, read -r a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv


Or just for fun



paste -d; <(cut -d, -f1 file.csv) <(cut -d, -f1 --complement file.csv)





share|improve this answer




















  • 1





    Try the first one on an input like 1,2, or 1,2 or 1. See also Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 14:36











  • @StéphaneChazelas Thank you for comment, I have -r option added.

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:33











  • good. That addresses 1,2, but not the 1,2, or 1 cases though. Note that , is not special, you don't need to quote it.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:47
















2














Pure bash solution



while IFS=, read -r a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv


Or just for fun



paste -d; <(cut -d, -f1 file.csv) <(cut -d, -f1 --complement file.csv)





share|improve this answer




















  • 1





    Try the first one on an input like 1,2, or 1,2 or 1. See also Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 14:36











  • @StéphaneChazelas Thank you for comment, I have -r option added.

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:33











  • good. That addresses 1,2, but not the 1,2, or 1 cases though. Note that , is not special, you don't need to quote it.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:47














2












2








2







Pure bash solution



while IFS=, read -r a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv


Or just for fun



paste -d; <(cut -d, -f1 file.csv) <(cut -d, -f1 --complement file.csv)





share|improve this answer















Pure bash solution



while IFS=, read -r a b ; do echo "$a;$b" ; done <file.csv


Or just for fun



paste -d; <(cut -d, -f1 file.csv) <(cut -d, -f1 --complement file.csv)






share|improve this answer














share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer








edited Jul 25 '16 at 15:28

























answered Jul 25 '16 at 14:02









CostasCostas

12.6k1129




12.6k1129







  • 1





    Try the first one on an input like 1,2, or 1,2 or 1. See also Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 14:36











  • @StéphaneChazelas Thank you for comment, I have -r option added.

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:33











  • good. That addresses 1,2, but not the 1,2, or 1 cases though. Note that , is not special, you don't need to quote it.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:47













  • 1





    Try the first one on an input like 1,2, or 1,2 or 1. See also Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 14:36











  • @StéphaneChazelas Thank you for comment, I have -r option added.

    – Costas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:33











  • good. That addresses 1,2, but not the 1,2, or 1 cases though. Note that , is not special, you don't need to quote it.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jul 25 '16 at 15:47








1




1





Try the first one on an input like 1,2, or 1,2 or 1. See also Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?

– Stéphane Chazelas
Jul 25 '16 at 14:36





Try the first one on an input like 1,2, or 1,2 or 1. See also Why is using a shell loop to process text considered bad practice?

– Stéphane Chazelas
Jul 25 '16 at 14:36













@StéphaneChazelas Thank you for comment, I have -r option added.

– Costas
Jul 25 '16 at 15:33





@StéphaneChazelas Thank you for comment, I have -r option added.

– Costas
Jul 25 '16 at 15:33













good. That addresses 1,2, but not the 1,2, or 1 cases though. Note that , is not special, you don't need to quote it.

– Stéphane Chazelas
Jul 25 '16 at 15:47






good. That addresses 1,2, but not the 1,2, or 1 cases though. Note that , is not special, you don't need to quote it.

– Stéphane Chazelas
Jul 25 '16 at 15:47














13














The g in:



sed 's/,/;/g'


is for globally, that is to substitute all occurrences of , with ;.



If you want to do only one substitution per line, take off the g:



sed 's/,/;/'


And for completeness:



You can also specify which occurrence to substitute. For instance, to substitute only the second occurrence:



sed 's/,/;/2'


With GNU sed, you can also substitute all occurrences starting from the second one (in effect, all but the first one) with:



sed 's/,/;/2g'


To perform two substitutions, in this case:



sed 's/,/;/;s/,/;/'


Where it gets more complicated is when the pattern can match the substitution (or parts of it), for instance when substituting , with <,>. sed has no built-in mechanism to address that. You may want to use perl instead in that case:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++ < 2 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


perl -pe is perl's sed mode (note that the regex syntax is different). With the e flag of the s/// operator, the replacement is considered as code. There, we replace , with <,> only when our incremented counter is < 2. Otherwise, we replace the , with itself ($& actually referring to the matched string like & in sed's s command).



You can generalise that for a range or set of substitutions. Like for 3rd to 5th and 7th to 9th:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++;
$i >=3 && $i <= 5 || $i >= 7 && $i <= 9 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


To replace only the first occurrence in the whole input (as opposed to in each line):



sed -e 's/,/;/;t done' -e b -e :done -e 'n;b done'


That is, upon the first successful substitution, go into a loop that just prints the rest of the input.



With GNU sed, you can use the pseudo address 0:



sed '0,/,/s//;/'



Note



I suppose it's a typo, but the



sed '/s/,/;/g'


command you wrote in your question is something completely different.



That's doing:



sed '/start/,/end/g'


where start is s and end is ;. That is, applying the g command (replace the pattern space with the content of the hold space (empty here as you never hold anything)) for sections of the file in between one that contains s and the next one that contains ;.






share|improve this answer

























  • Note that to only replace 1st occurence in a file (not in a line) you need to do something else. See: linuxconfig.org/…

    – Nux
    Jan 10 at 12:15











  • @Nux. Thanks, I've added a section about that.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jan 10 at 14:18















13














The g in:



sed 's/,/;/g'


is for globally, that is to substitute all occurrences of , with ;.



If you want to do only one substitution per line, take off the g:



sed 's/,/;/'


And for completeness:



You can also specify which occurrence to substitute. For instance, to substitute only the second occurrence:



sed 's/,/;/2'


With GNU sed, you can also substitute all occurrences starting from the second one (in effect, all but the first one) with:



sed 's/,/;/2g'


To perform two substitutions, in this case:



sed 's/,/;/;s/,/;/'


Where it gets more complicated is when the pattern can match the substitution (or parts of it), for instance when substituting , with <,>. sed has no built-in mechanism to address that. You may want to use perl instead in that case:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++ < 2 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


perl -pe is perl's sed mode (note that the regex syntax is different). With the e flag of the s/// operator, the replacement is considered as code. There, we replace , with <,> only when our incremented counter is < 2. Otherwise, we replace the , with itself ($& actually referring to the matched string like & in sed's s command).



You can generalise that for a range or set of substitutions. Like for 3rd to 5th and 7th to 9th:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++;
$i >=3 && $i <= 5 || $i >= 7 && $i <= 9 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


To replace only the first occurrence in the whole input (as opposed to in each line):



sed -e 's/,/;/;t done' -e b -e :done -e 'n;b done'


That is, upon the first successful substitution, go into a loop that just prints the rest of the input.



With GNU sed, you can use the pseudo address 0:



sed '0,/,/s//;/'



Note



I suppose it's a typo, but the



sed '/s/,/;/g'


command you wrote in your question is something completely different.



That's doing:



sed '/start/,/end/g'


where start is s and end is ;. That is, applying the g command (replace the pattern space with the content of the hold space (empty here as you never hold anything)) for sections of the file in between one that contains s and the next one that contains ;.






share|improve this answer

























  • Note that to only replace 1st occurence in a file (not in a line) you need to do something else. See: linuxconfig.org/…

    – Nux
    Jan 10 at 12:15











  • @Nux. Thanks, I've added a section about that.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jan 10 at 14:18













13












13








13







The g in:



sed 's/,/;/g'


is for globally, that is to substitute all occurrences of , with ;.



If you want to do only one substitution per line, take off the g:



sed 's/,/;/'


And for completeness:



You can also specify which occurrence to substitute. For instance, to substitute only the second occurrence:



sed 's/,/;/2'


With GNU sed, you can also substitute all occurrences starting from the second one (in effect, all but the first one) with:



sed 's/,/;/2g'


To perform two substitutions, in this case:



sed 's/,/;/;s/,/;/'


Where it gets more complicated is when the pattern can match the substitution (or parts of it), for instance when substituting , with <,>. sed has no built-in mechanism to address that. You may want to use perl instead in that case:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++ < 2 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


perl -pe is perl's sed mode (note that the regex syntax is different). With the e flag of the s/// operator, the replacement is considered as code. There, we replace , with <,> only when our incremented counter is < 2. Otherwise, we replace the , with itself ($& actually referring to the matched string like & in sed's s command).



You can generalise that for a range or set of substitutions. Like for 3rd to 5th and 7th to 9th:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++;
$i >=3 && $i <= 5 || $i >= 7 && $i <= 9 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


To replace only the first occurrence in the whole input (as opposed to in each line):



sed -e 's/,/;/;t done' -e b -e :done -e 'n;b done'


That is, upon the first successful substitution, go into a loop that just prints the rest of the input.



With GNU sed, you can use the pseudo address 0:



sed '0,/,/s//;/'



Note



I suppose it's a typo, but the



sed '/s/,/;/g'


command you wrote in your question is something completely different.



That's doing:



sed '/start/,/end/g'


where start is s and end is ;. That is, applying the g command (replace the pattern space with the content of the hold space (empty here as you never hold anything)) for sections of the file in between one that contains s and the next one that contains ;.






share|improve this answer















The g in:



sed 's/,/;/g'


is for globally, that is to substitute all occurrences of , with ;.



If you want to do only one substitution per line, take off the g:



sed 's/,/;/'


And for completeness:



You can also specify which occurrence to substitute. For instance, to substitute only the second occurrence:



sed 's/,/;/2'


With GNU sed, you can also substitute all occurrences starting from the second one (in effect, all but the first one) with:



sed 's/,/;/2g'


To perform two substitutions, in this case:



sed 's/,/;/;s/,/;/'


Where it gets more complicated is when the pattern can match the substitution (or parts of it), for instance when substituting , with <,>. sed has no built-in mechanism to address that. You may want to use perl instead in that case:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++ < 2 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


perl -pe is perl's sed mode (note that the regex syntax is different). With the e flag of the s/// operator, the replacement is considered as code. There, we replace , with <,> only when our incremented counter is < 2. Otherwise, we replace the , with itself ($& actually referring to the matched string like & in sed's s command).



You can generalise that for a range or set of substitutions. Like for 3rd to 5th and 7th to 9th:



perl -pe '$i = 0; s/,/$i++;
$i >=3 && $i <= 5 || $i >= 7 && $i <= 9 ? "<,>" : $&/ge'


To replace only the first occurrence in the whole input (as opposed to in each line):



sed -e 's/,/;/;t done' -e b -e :done -e 'n;b done'


That is, upon the first successful substitution, go into a loop that just prints the rest of the input.



With GNU sed, you can use the pseudo address 0:



sed '0,/,/s//;/'



Note



I suppose it's a typo, but the



sed '/s/,/;/g'


command you wrote in your question is something completely different.



That's doing:



sed '/start/,/end/g'


where start is s and end is ;. That is, applying the g command (replace the pattern space with the content of the hold space (empty here as you never hold anything)) for sections of the file in between one that contains s and the next one that contains ;.







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edited Jan 10 at 12:26

























answered Jul 25 '16 at 13:38









Stéphane ChazelasStéphane Chazelas

302k56568920




302k56568920












  • Note that to only replace 1st occurence in a file (not in a line) you need to do something else. See: linuxconfig.org/…

    – Nux
    Jan 10 at 12:15











  • @Nux. Thanks, I've added a section about that.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jan 10 at 14:18

















  • Note that to only replace 1st occurence in a file (not in a line) you need to do something else. See: linuxconfig.org/…

    – Nux
    Jan 10 at 12:15











  • @Nux. Thanks, I've added a section about that.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Jan 10 at 14:18
















Note that to only replace 1st occurence in a file (not in a line) you need to do something else. See: linuxconfig.org/…

– Nux
Jan 10 at 12:15





Note that to only replace 1st occurence in a file (not in a line) you need to do something else. See: linuxconfig.org/…

– Nux
Jan 10 at 12:15













@Nux. Thanks, I've added a section about that.

– Stéphane Chazelas
Jan 10 at 14:18





@Nux. Thanks, I've added a section about that.

– Stéphane Chazelas
Jan 10 at 14:18

















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