Volksraad
Multi tool useFor other uses, see Volksraad (disambiguation).
The Volksraad receiving President Paul Kruger at the Ou Raadsaal, circa 1890
The chamber of the Ou Raadsaal
The Volksraad (English: "People's Council") was the parliament of the former South African Republic (ZAR), which existed from 1857 to 1902 in part of what is now South Africa. The body ceased to exist after the British victory in the Second Anglo-Boer War. The Volksraad sat in session in Ou Raadsaal in Church Square, Pretoria.[1]
Initially a unicameral body, the Volksraad was divided into two chambers in 1890 in order to keep Boer control over state matters while still giving Uitlanders (foreigners) — many of whom were temporarily employed in the mining industry — a say in local affairs, in order to fend off British complaints.[2]
The legislature consisted of a "Second Volksraad", with suffrage for all white males above 16 years, which had limited legislative powers in the fields of mining, road construction, copyright and certain commercial affairs, all subject to ratification by the "First Volksraad".[3] This was the highest authority in charge of state policy, with preference being given to fully franchised burghers for appointment to government posts.[4]
Volksraad was also the Afrikaans name for the House of Assembly, the principal or sole chamber of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1994.[5]
References
^ Transvaal: The Golden Province, C. van Rensburg Publications, 1992, page 34
^ The Afrikaners: Biography of a People, Hermann Giliomee,
C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2003, page 238
^ The Anglo-Boer War: a Chronology, Pieter Gerhardus Cloete, J.P. van der Walt, 2000, page 13
^ Judge and be Judged,
Adrienne E. Van Blerk, Juta & Company, 1988, page 113
^ World Legislatures, John Paxton, Springer, 1974, page 112
National unicameral legislatures
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| Federal | - Comoros
- Iraq
- Federated States of Micronesia
- United Arab Emirates
- Venezuela
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| Unitary | |
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Dependent and
other territories | - Åland Islands
- Anguilla
- Aruba
- British Virgin Islands
- Cayman Islands
- Curaçao
- Falkland Islands
- Faroe Islands
- French Polynesia
- Gibraltar
- Greenland
- Guam
- Guernsey
- Hong Kong
- Jersey
- Macau
- Montserrat
- New Caledonia
- Pitcairn Islands
- Saint Barthélemy
- Saint Helena
- Saint Martin
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon
- Sint Maarten
- Tokelau
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- U.S. Virgin Islands
- Wallis and Futuna
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| Non-UN states | - Abkhazia
- Artsakh
- Cook Islands
- Kosovo
- Niue
- Northern Cyprus
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- South Ossetia
- Taiwan
- Transnistria
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| Historical | - Czechoslovakia (1948–1969)
- Irish Republic (1919–22)
- Scotland
- Sicily
- South African Republic
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| Related | - Bicameralism
- List of legislatures by country
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- National bicameral legislatures
- National lower houses
- National upper houses
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