1977 Grand Prix (tennis)
Vilas playing in 1975  | |
| Details | |
|---|---|
| Duration | 26 December 1976 – 8 January 1978 | 
| Edition | 8th | 
| Tournaments | 76 | 
| Achievements (singles) | |
| Most tournament titles | |
| Most tournament finals | |
| Prize money leader | |
| Points leader | |
| Awards | |
| Player of the year | |
| Newcomer of the year | |
← 1976  1978 →  | |
The 1977 Colgate-Palmolive Grand Prix was a professional tennis circuit administered by the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF, later the ITF) which served as a forerunner to the current Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) World Tour and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour.[2] The circuit consisted of the four modern Grand Slam tournaments and open tournaments recognised by the ILTF. The Colgate-Palmolive Masters is included in this calendar but did not count towards the Grand Prix ranking. Colgate-Palmolive was the new tour sponsor, taking over from Commercial Union. Guillermo Vilas won the Grand Prix circuit, having accumulated the most points (2,047), and received the largest share from the bonus pool ($300,000). The top eight points ranked singles players as well as the top four doubles teams qualified for the season-ending Masters tournament [3]
Contents
1 Schedule
1.1 December 1976
1.2 January
1.3 February
1.4 March
1.5 April
1.6 May
1.7 June
1.8 July
1.9 August
1.10 September
1.11 October
1.12 November
1.13 December
1.14 January 1978
2 Points system
3 Standings
4 ATP rankings
5 List of tournament winners
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
9 Further reading
Schedule
- Key
 
| Grand Slam events | 
| Grand Prix Masters | 
| Six-star events | 
| Five-star events | 
| Four-star events | 
| Three-star events | 
| Two-star events | 
| One-star events | 
| Team events | 
December 1976
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 Dec | Marlboro New South Wales Open Sydney, Australia $75,000 – Grass – 48S/24D Two star  | 6–3, 3–6, 6–3, 6–4  | |||
6–3, 6–4  | 
January
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Jan | Australian Open Melbourne, Australia Grand Slam $200,000 – Grass – 64S/32D Singles Draw – Doubles Draw  | 6–3, 6–3, 6–3  | |||
6–4, 6–4  | |||||
| 10 Jan | Marlboro Classic Adelaide, Australia $75,000 – Grass – 48S/24D Two star  | 6–1, 6–4, 6–2  | |||
6–3, 4–6, 6–4  | |||||
| 17 Jan | Baltimore International  Baltimore, United States Carpet – 32S/16D Three star  | 6–3, 7–6  | |||
6–3, 6–7, 6–4  | |||||
| 31 Jan | Fairfield Bay Classic Little Rock, United States $50,000 – Carpet – 32S/16D One star  | 6–2, 6–4  | |||
6–7, 6–3, 6–3  | |||||
| Dayton Classic  Dayton, United States $50,000 – Carpet – 32S/16D One star  | 6–3, 6–3  | ||||
6–4, 7–6  | 
February
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Feb | Miami Classic Miami, United States $50,000 – Clay – 32S/16D One star  | 6–0, 6–3  | |||
7–5, 6–4  | |||||
Springfield International Springfield, United States $50,000 – Carpet – 32S/16D One star  | 3–6, 6–0, 6–3, 6–2  | ||||
7–6, 6–2  | |||||
| 14 Feb | American Home Shield Open  San Jose, United States Hard – 32S/16D One star  | 3–6, 6–4, 7–5  | |||
6–2, 6–3  | |||||
Ocean City, United States Carpet (i) – 32S/16D  | 3–6, 6–1, 6–2  | ||||
7–6, 6–3  | |||||
| 21 Feb | American Airlines Tennis Games Palm Springs, United States $225,000 – Hard – 64S/32D Six star  | 2–6, 6–1, 6–3  | |||
7–6, 7–6  | |||||
| 28 Feb | U.S. National Indoor Championships Memphis, United States $175,000 – Carpet – 64S/32D Six star  | 6–4, 6–3, 4–6, 7–5  | |||
6–4, 7–6, 7–6  | 
March
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Mar | Peugeot Open  Johannesburg, South Africa $150,000 – Hard – 32S/16D Five star  | No Winner  | |||
6–2, 6–0  | |||||
| Coliseum Mall International  Hampton, United States Carpet – $50,000 – 32S/16D One star  | 4–6, 6–3, 6–2, 1–6, 6–3  | ||||
6–4, 6–3  | |||||
| 14 Mar | Volvo Classic Washington, United States $100,000 – Carpet – 32S/16D Three star  | 6–1, 6–2  | |||
6–3, 7–5  | |||||
| Scandinavian Covered Court Championships  Helsinki, Finland $50,000 – Carpet – 32S/16D One star  | 6–3, 6–3  | ||||
5–7, 7–6, 6–4  | |||||
| 21 Mar | La Costa International La Costa, United States $100,000 – Hard – 64S/32D Three star  | 6–3, 6–2  | |||
6–4, 6–2  | |||||
| 28 Mar | Arco Pacific Southwest Open Los Angeles, United States $150,000 – Carpet – 64S/32D Five star  | 4–6, 6–4, 6–4  | |||
6–3, 6–4  | |||||
Nice International Nice, France $50,000 – Clay – 32S/16D One star  | 7–6(7–2), 6–7(5–7), 6–4  | ||||
6–4, 6–1  | 
April
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 Apr | Buenos Aires, Argentina - Clay - | 6–4, 6–3, 6–0  | |||
| 11 Apr | Murcia Open  Murcia, Spain $50,000 – Clay – 32S/16D One star  | 6–4, 6–0, 6–3  | |||
7–5, 6–2  | |||||
| 18 Apr | United Bank Classic Denver, United States $100,000 – Carpet – 32S/16D Three star  | 7–5, 6–2  | |||
6–2, 6–3  | |||||
| 25 Apr | Romika Cup Munich, West Germany Clay – 32S/16D Two star  | 6–1, 6–1, 6–7, 7–5  | |||
6–3, 6–4  | |||||
| 25 Apr | Virginia Beach, USA - Clay - | 6–2, 4–6, 6–2  | |||
May
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 May | German Open Hamburg, West Germany $125,000 – Clay – 64S/32D Four star  | 6–4, 4–6, 6–2, 6–3  | |||
3–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–4  | |||||
| 16 May | Italian Open Rome, Italy $131,250 – Clay – 64S/32D Five star  | 6–2, 7–6, 3–6, 7–6  | |||
6–7, 7–6, 7–5  | |||||
| Agfacolor Cup  Düsseldorf, West Germany Clay – 32S/16D Two star  | 6–1, 5–7, 6–2  | ||||
6–3, 6–3  | |||||
| 23 May | French Open Paris, France Grand Slam $300,000 – Clay – 128S/64D/24XD Singles – Doubles – Mixed Doubles  | 6–0, 6–3, 6–0  | |||
7–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4  | |||||
7–6, 6–3  | 
June
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 Jun | John Player Open  Nottingham, Great Britain $100,000 – Grass – 64S/32D Three star  | No Winner | |||
| Not completed. | |||||
| Belgian Open  Brussels, Belgium $75,000 – Clay – 48S/24D Two star  | 7–5, 3–6, 2–6, 6–3, 6–4  | ||||
Match abandoned – title shared. 2–6, 6–4, 2–2  | |||||
| 13 Jun | Rawlings International London, Great Britain $100,000 – Grass – 64S/32D Three star  | 9–7, 7–5  | |||
6–1, 6–2  | |||||
| Berlin Open  Berlin, West Germany $50,000 – Clay – 32S/16D One star  | 6–4, 5–7, 4–6, 6–2, 6–4  | ||||
| Not played – title shared. | |||||
| 20 Jun | Wimbledon Championships London, England Grand Slam $198,645 – Grass – 128S/64D/48XD Singles – Doubles – Mixed Doubles  | 3–6, 6–2, 6–1, 5–7, 6–4  | |||
6–3, 6–4, 3–6, 8–9 (4–7), 6–4  | |||||
3–6, 7–5, 6–4  | 
July
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Jul | Swedish Open Båstad, Sweden $75,000 – Clay – 32S/16D Two star  | 7–6, 6–7, 6–2  | |||
6–4, 6–0  | |||||
| Swiss Open  Gstaad, Switzerland $75,000 – Clay – 32S/16D Two star  | 7–5, 3–6, 2–6, 6–3, 6–4  | ||||
6–4, 7–6  | |||||
| Miller Hall of Fame Championships  Newport, United States $50,000 – Grass – 32S/16D One star  | 6–4, 6–4, 5–7, 6–2  | ||||
6–7, 6–3, 7–6  | |||||
| 10 Jul | Western Championships Cincinnati, United States $100,000 – Clay – 64S/32D Three star  | 6–2, 6–3  | |||
6–3, 7–6  | |||||
Head Cup Kitzbühel, Austria $75,000 – Clay – 32S/16D Two star  | 5–7, 6–2, 4–6, 6–3, 6–2  | ||||
7–6, 6–4  | |||||
Dutch Open Hilversum, Netherlands $75,000 – Clay – 32S/16D Two star  | 6–0, 6–2, 6–0  | ||||
6–1, 6–4, 2–6, 6–1  | |||||
| 17 Jul | Washington Star International Washington, United States $125,000 – Clay – 64S/32D Four star  | 6–4, 7–5  | |||
7–5, 7–5  | |||||
| 24 Jul | Louisville International Louisville, United States $125,000 – Clay – 64S/32D Four star  | 1–6, 6–0, 6–1  | |||
6–1, 6–4  | |||||
| 31 Jul | Volvo International North Conway, United States $125,000 – Clay – 64S/32D Four star  | 2–6, 6–4, 6–4  | |||
7–5, 6–3  | |||||
Mutual Benefit Life Open South Orange, United States $75,000 – Clay – 32S/16D Two star  | 6–4, 6–1  | ||||
6–1, 7–5  | 
August
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Aug | Buckeye Championships  Columbus, United States $125,000 – Clay – 64S/32D Four star  | 6–4, 6–1  | |||
4–6, 7–5, 6–2  | |||||
U.S. Clay Court Championships Indianapolis, United States $125,000 – Clay – 64S/32D Four star  | 6–1, 6–3  | ||||
6–7, 6–4, 6–3  | |||||
| 14 Aug | Rothmans Canadian Open Toronto, Ontario, Canada $125,000 – Clay – 64S/32D Four star  | 6–0, 6–1  | |||
6–4, 3–6, 6–2  | |||||
| 21 Aug | U.S. Professional Tennis Championships Boston, United States $175,000 – Clay – 64S/32D Four star  | 7–6, 7–5, 6–4  | |||
6–3, 6–4  | |||||
| 29 Aug | US Open New York, United States Grand Slam $250,000 – Clay – 128S/64D/32XD Singles – Doubles – Mixed Doubles  | 2–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–4), 6–0  | |||
6–4, 6–0  | |||||
6–2, 3–6, 6–3  | 
September
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 Sep | Woodlands Doubles Woodlands, Texas, USA Hard – $125,000 – D32  | 3–6, 6–3, 6–3, 4–6, 6–1  | |||
| 19 Sep | Southern California Championships  Los Angeles, USA Hard – $100,000 – S64/D32 Four star  | 7–5, 3–6, 6–4  | |||
6–2, 6–3  | |||||
| Coupe Poreé  Paris, France Clay – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 6–2, 6–1, 7–6  | ||||
6–2, 4–6, 6–3  | |||||
| 26 Sep | Raquette d'Or  Aix-en-Provence, France Clay – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 6–1, 7–5, ret.  | |||
1–6, 7–5, 6–3, 6–3  | |||||
| Transamerica Championships  San Francisco, California, USA Carpet – $125,000 – S64/D32 Four star  | 4–6, 6–3, 7–5  | ||||
6–4, 1–6, 6–4  | 
October
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Oct | Island Holidays Tennis Classic  Maui, Hawaii, USA Hard – $100,000 – S32/D16 Three star  | 6–2, 6–0  | |||
7–6, 6–4  | |||||
Aryamehr Cup Tehran, Iran Clay – $150,000 – S64/D32 Five star  | 6–2, 6–4, 1–6, 6–1  | ||||
1–6, 6–1, 6–4  | |||||
| 10 Oct | South Pacific Classic  Brisbane, Australia Grass – $100,000 – S64/D32 One star  | 6–7, 6–1, 6–1, 7–5  | |||
7–6, 6–4  | |||||
| Il Trofeo Gillette  Madrid, Spain Clay – $100,000 – S64/D32 Three star  | 6–3, 6–0 6–7, 7–6  | ||||
6–7, 7–6, 6–3, 6–1  | |||||
| 17 Oct | Torneo Godó Barcelona, Spain Clay – S64/D32 Three star  | 6–2, 7–5, 6–2  | |||
6–0, 6–4  | |||||
Sydney Indoor Sydney, Australia Hard – $50,000 – S32/D16 Four star  | 7–5, 6–4, 6–2  | ||||
6–7, 6–3, 6–1  | |||||
| 24 Oct | Hitachi West Coast Classic  Perth, Australia Hard – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 6–3, 6–4, 6–2  | |||
6–2, 6–1  | |||||
Fischer-Grand Prix Vienna, Austria Hard – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 6–1, 6–1  | ||||
6–4, 6–3  | |||||
| Swiss Indoor Championships  Basel, Switzerland Carpet – $30,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 6–2, 7–5, 6–2  | ||||
7–5, 6–4, 6–3  | |||||
| 31 Oct | Cologne Cup  Cologne, Germany Carpet – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 2–6, 7–5, 6–3  | |||
6–3, 7–5  | |||||
Jean Becker Open Paris, France Hard – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 7–6, 7–6, 6–7, 3–6, 6–4  | ||||
6–2, 6–0  | |||||
Fred Perry Tokyo Outdoor Tokyo, Japan Clay – S64/D32 Three star  | 6–2, 6–1  | ||||
6–2, 7–6  | 
November
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Nov | Stockholm Open Stockholm, Sweden Hard – $150,000 – S64/D32 Five star  | 6–2, 6–4  | |||
6–3, 6–3  | |||||
| Orient Cup  Bogotá, Colombia Clay – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 6–2, 6–0  | ||||
6–4, 6–2  | |||||
| Colgate Tennis Patrons Classic  Hong Kong Hard – $75,000 – S32/D16 Two star  | 6–3, 5–7, 6–4, 6–4  | ||||
7–6, 6–3  | |||||
| 14 Nov | Philta International  Manila, Philippines Hard – $75,000 – S32/D16 Two star  | Walkover  | |||
4–6, 6–0, 7–6  | |||||
| Chilean International  Santiago, Chile Clay – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 6–0, 2–6, 6–4  | ||||
5–7, 6–1, 6–1  | |||||
Wembley London, England Hard – $125,000 – S32/D16 Four star  | 6–2, 6–0  | ||||
6–3, 7–6  | |||||
| 21 Nov | Argentine Championships Buenos Aires, Argentina Clay – $75,000 – S32/D16 Two star  | 6–4, 6–1  | |||
6–4, 6–0  | |||||
| Grand Prix Masaveu de Asturias  Oviedo, Spain Hard – $100,000 – S64/D32 Three star  | 6–4, 6–1  | ||||
6–3, 6–1  | |||||
| Taipei Summit Championships  Taipei, Taiwan Hard – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 6–7, 7–5, 7–6, 6–4  | ||||
7–6, 7–6  | |||||
| 28 Nov | Indian Championships Bombay, India Clay – $50,000 – S32/D16 One star  | 6–4, 6–1  | |||
6–7, 6–4, 6–4  | |||||
South African Open Johannesburg, South Africa Hard – $150,000 – S32/D16 Five star  | 7–6, 6–3, 6–4  | ||||
6–3, 7–5, 6–7, 7–6  | 
December
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Dec | Marlboro South Australia Men's Classic  Adelaide, Australia Grass – $100,000 – S64/D32 Three star  | 3–6, 6–4, 3–6, 6–2, 6–4  | |||
3–6, 7–6, 6–4  | |||||
| 12 Dec | Marlboro New South Wales Championships Sydney, Australia Grass – $175,000 – S64/D32 Four star  | 6–3, 3–6, 6–3, 6–7, 6–4  | |||
7–6, 2–6, 6–3  | |||||
| 19 Dec | Australian Open Melbourne, Australia Grand Slam Grass – $200,000 – 64S/32D  | 6–3, 7–6, 5–7, 3–6, 6–2  | |||
7–6, 7–6  | 
January 1978
| Week | Tournament | Champions | Runners-up | Semifinalists | Quarterfinalists | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 Jan | Masters New York, USA Carpet – $400,000 – S8/D4  | 6–4, 1–6, 6–4  | Round–robin | ||
7–5, 7–6, 6–3  | 
Points system
The Grand Prix tournaments were divided into seven groups. Group TC consisted of the Grand Slam tournaments; the Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon Championships and the US Open—while the other tournaments were given star ratings ranging from six stars to one star, based on prize money and draw size. Points were allocated based on these ratings and the finishing position of a player in a tournament. No points were awarded to first-round losers, and ties were settled by the number of tournaments played.[3] The points allocation, with doubles points listed in brackets, is as follows:
  | 
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Standings
The 1977 Grand Prix tournaments were divided in seven separate point categories, ranging from the Triple Crown tournaments (250 points for the winner) to the smallest One Star tournaments (50 points for the winner). At the end of the year the 35 top-ranked players received a bonus from the bonus pool. To qualify for a bonus a player must have played at least 15 tournaments. The top eight points ranked singles players and top four doubles teams were entitled to participate in the season-ending Masters tournament.[3]
| Rk | Name | Points | Bonus | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2,047 | $300,000 | |
| 2 | 1,548 | $125,000 | |
| 3 | 1,210 | $75,000 | |
| 4 | 870 | $50,000 | |
| 5 | 777 | $45,000 | |
| 6 | 758 | $40,000 | |
| 7 | 754 | $35,000 | |
| 8 | 722 | – | |
| 9 | 670 | – | |
| 10 | 624 | $32,000 | 
ATP rankings
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List of tournament winners
The list of winners and number of Grand Prix singles titles won, alphabetically by last number of titles:
 Guillermo Vilas (16) Springfield, Buenos Aires, Virginia Beach, French Open, Kitzbühel, Washington, D.C., Louisville, South Orange, Columbus, US Open, Paris, Tehran, Bogotá, Santiago, Buenos Aires, Johannesburg
 Björn Borg (10) Boca Raton, Memphis, Nice, Denver, Madrid, Barcelona, Wimbledon, Basel, Cologne, Wembley
 Vitas Gerulaitis (5) Ocean City, Rome, Brisbane, Perth, Australian Open (December)
 Brian Gottfried (5) Baltimore, Palm Springs, Washington Indoor, La Costa, Vienna
 Jeff Borowiak (3) Dayton, Gstaad, Montreal
 Jimmy Connors (3) Las Vegas, Maui, Sydney Indoor
 Tim Gullikson (3) Newport, Taiwan, Adelaide
 Sandy Mayer (3) Little Rock, Hampton, Stockholm
 Manuel Orantes (3) Indianapolis, Boston, Tokyo Outdoor
 Vijay Amritraj (2) Auckland, Bombay
 Corrado Barazzutti (2) Båstad, Paris Bercy
 Paolo Bertolucci (2) Hamburg, Berlin
 Eddie Dibbs (2) Miami, Oviedo
 Raúl Ramírez (2) Queen's Club, Los Angeles
 Harold Solomon (2) Brussels, Cincinnati
 Roscoe Tanner (2) Australian Open (January), Sydney Outdoor
 John Alexander (1) North Conway
 Mark Cox (1) Helsinki
 Victor Amaya (1) Adelaide
 Wojciech Fibak (1) Düsseldorf
 Željko Franulović (1) Munich
 José Higueras (1) Murcia
 Jiří Hřebec (1) San Jose
 Karl Meiler (1) Manila
 Ilie Năstase (1) Aix-en-Provence
 Andrew Pattison (1) Laguna Niguel
 Patrick Proisy (1) Hilversum
 Ken Rosewall (1) Hong Kong
 Stan Smith (1) Los Angeles PSW
 Brian Teacher (1) Jackson
 Butch Walts (1) San Francisco
The following players won their first title in 1977:
 Victor Amaya Adelaide
 Tim Gullikson Newport
 Chris Kachel Manila
 Patrick Proisy Hilversum
 Brian Teacher Jackson
See also
- 1977 World Championship Tennis circuit
 - 1977 WTA Tour
 
References
^ "Tennis Pros Cite Borg, Gullikson". The Milwaukee Sentinel. Sep 13, 1977..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ "How it All Began". ATPWorldTour.com. Retrieved 2011-03-03.
^ abc John Barrett, ed. (1978). World of Tennis 1978 : a BP yearbook. London: Macdonald and Janes. ISBN 9780354090391.
External links
- ATP 1977 results archive
 
Further reading
Collins, Bud (2010). The Bud Collins History of Tennis: An Authoritative Encyclopedia and Record Book (2nd ed.). New York: New Chapter Press. ISBN 978-0-942257-70-0.