How does one change the delay that occurs after entering an incorrect password?

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32














After entering an incorrect password at a login prompt, there s an approximately 3-second delay. How can I change that on a Linux system with PAM?










share|improve this question



















  • 1




    I get the need for a delay from a security perspective, but the default delay is rather annoying
    – Mike Pennington
    Jun 16 '12 at 21:41






  • 3




    This has been interesting; maybe I'll write a module that allows N tries with no delay followed by any number of tries with a long delay.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 23:27






  • 1




    Instead of a new module (suggested in my previous comment), I used pam_unix with the nodelay option and pam_tally2 with deny=5 unlock_time=15; this allows for 5 immediate retries, but denies access (even with a successful password) for 15 seconds. I still intend to try writing the described model, but now it's a back-burner project, because this would not be suitable if your primary access to the system is network-based since it makes a DOS attack trivial.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 20 '12 at 22:25







  • 1




    if you are concerned about a network DoS from timeouts, use fail2ban... in fact use it even if you think you're safe :-). i use two day ban times
    – Mike Pennington
    Jun 20 '12 at 23:18
















32














After entering an incorrect password at a login prompt, there s an approximately 3-second delay. How can I change that on a Linux system with PAM?










share|improve this question



















  • 1




    I get the need for a delay from a security perspective, but the default delay is rather annoying
    – Mike Pennington
    Jun 16 '12 at 21:41






  • 3




    This has been interesting; maybe I'll write a module that allows N tries with no delay followed by any number of tries with a long delay.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 23:27






  • 1




    Instead of a new module (suggested in my previous comment), I used pam_unix with the nodelay option and pam_tally2 with deny=5 unlock_time=15; this allows for 5 immediate retries, but denies access (even with a successful password) for 15 seconds. I still intend to try writing the described model, but now it's a back-burner project, because this would not be suitable if your primary access to the system is network-based since it makes a DOS attack trivial.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 20 '12 at 22:25







  • 1




    if you are concerned about a network DoS from timeouts, use fail2ban... in fact use it even if you think you're safe :-). i use two day ban times
    – Mike Pennington
    Jun 20 '12 at 23:18














32












32








32


13





After entering an incorrect password at a login prompt, there s an approximately 3-second delay. How can I change that on a Linux system with PAM?










share|improve this question















After entering an incorrect password at a login prompt, there s an approximately 3-second delay. How can I change that on a Linux system with PAM?







login pam hardening






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Nov 4 '16 at 10:38









countermode

5,20841943




5,20841943










asked Jun 16 '12 at 16:37









Shawn J. Goff

29.3k19109134




29.3k19109134







  • 1




    I get the need for a delay from a security perspective, but the default delay is rather annoying
    – Mike Pennington
    Jun 16 '12 at 21:41






  • 3




    This has been interesting; maybe I'll write a module that allows N tries with no delay followed by any number of tries with a long delay.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 23:27






  • 1




    Instead of a new module (suggested in my previous comment), I used pam_unix with the nodelay option and pam_tally2 with deny=5 unlock_time=15; this allows for 5 immediate retries, but denies access (even with a successful password) for 15 seconds. I still intend to try writing the described model, but now it's a back-burner project, because this would not be suitable if your primary access to the system is network-based since it makes a DOS attack trivial.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 20 '12 at 22:25







  • 1




    if you are concerned about a network DoS from timeouts, use fail2ban... in fact use it even if you think you're safe :-). i use two day ban times
    – Mike Pennington
    Jun 20 '12 at 23:18













  • 1




    I get the need for a delay from a security perspective, but the default delay is rather annoying
    – Mike Pennington
    Jun 16 '12 at 21:41






  • 3




    This has been interesting; maybe I'll write a module that allows N tries with no delay followed by any number of tries with a long delay.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 23:27






  • 1




    Instead of a new module (suggested in my previous comment), I used pam_unix with the nodelay option and pam_tally2 with deny=5 unlock_time=15; this allows for 5 immediate retries, but denies access (even with a successful password) for 15 seconds. I still intend to try writing the described model, but now it's a back-burner project, because this would not be suitable if your primary access to the system is network-based since it makes a DOS attack trivial.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 20 '12 at 22:25







  • 1




    if you are concerned about a network DoS from timeouts, use fail2ban... in fact use it even if you think you're safe :-). i use two day ban times
    – Mike Pennington
    Jun 20 '12 at 23:18








1




1




I get the need for a delay from a security perspective, but the default delay is rather annoying
– Mike Pennington
Jun 16 '12 at 21:41




I get the need for a delay from a security perspective, but the default delay is rather annoying
– Mike Pennington
Jun 16 '12 at 21:41




3




3




This has been interesting; maybe I'll write a module that allows N tries with no delay followed by any number of tries with a long delay.
– Shawn J. Goff
Jun 16 '12 at 23:27




This has been interesting; maybe I'll write a module that allows N tries with no delay followed by any number of tries with a long delay.
– Shawn J. Goff
Jun 16 '12 at 23:27




1




1




Instead of a new module (suggested in my previous comment), I used pam_unix with the nodelay option and pam_tally2 with deny=5 unlock_time=15; this allows for 5 immediate retries, but denies access (even with a successful password) for 15 seconds. I still intend to try writing the described model, but now it's a back-burner project, because this would not be suitable if your primary access to the system is network-based since it makes a DOS attack trivial.
– Shawn J. Goff
Jun 20 '12 at 22:25





Instead of a new module (suggested in my previous comment), I used pam_unix with the nodelay option and pam_tally2 with deny=5 unlock_time=15; this allows for 5 immediate retries, but denies access (even with a successful password) for 15 seconds. I still intend to try writing the described model, but now it's a back-burner project, because this would not be suitable if your primary access to the system is network-based since it makes a DOS attack trivial.
– Shawn J. Goff
Jun 20 '12 at 22:25





1




1




if you are concerned about a network DoS from timeouts, use fail2ban... in fact use it even if you think you're safe :-). i use two day ban times
– Mike Pennington
Jun 20 '12 at 23:18





if you are concerned about a network DoS from timeouts, use fail2ban... in fact use it even if you think you're safe :-). i use two day ban times
– Mike Pennington
Jun 20 '12 at 23:18











2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















21














I assume you are using Linux and pam. The delay is probably caused by pam_faildelay.so. Check your pam configuration in /etc/pam.d using pam_faildelay, e.g:



# Enforce a minimal delay in case of failure (in microseconds).
# (Replaces the `FAIL_DELAY' setting from login.defs)
# Note that other modules may require another minimal delay. (for example,
# to disable any delay, you should add the nodelay option to pam_unix)
auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=3000000


To change the time adjust the delay parameter. If you want to get rid of the delay you can delete/comment the complete line.



Another source for the delay may be pam_unix.so. To disable the delay caused by pam_unix.so add the nodelay parameter, and optionally add a line calling pam_faildelay.so to add a (variable) delay instead, e.g.:



auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=100000





share|improve this answer


















  • 2




    There is no mention of delay anywhere in /etc/pam.d/*. The closest thing I see is pam_tally.so which allows locking after some number of attempts. But I do have n /etc/login.defs, which might be what I need.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 16:53











  • @ShawnJ.Goff pam_tally.so does not cause an delay as far as i know. Another source for the dealy may be pam_unix.so - you can disable it with the nodelay option - see linux.die.net/man/8/pam_unix for more details
    – Ulrich Dangel
    Jun 16 '12 at 17:07







  • 1




    Adding the nodelay option to pam_unix.so and adding a new entry with pam_faildelay.so delay=$some_number lets me set whatever I want. Thanks!
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 22:13







  • 1




    Running fedora 23, I had to disable the pam_unix.so delay and start using the pam_faildelay.so one as @ShawnJ.Goff says. However, most pam.d configs have "This file is auto-generated. User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run." So where can I permanently configure the delay?
    – jozxyqk
    Jan 29 '16 at 7:34


















11














You need to pass the nodelay parameter to the auth pam_unix.so.



Depending on how your'e authenticating, where you need to set the parameter varies. However most linux distrubtions have something like /etc/pam.d/system-auth which is included by all the different files.



So for example in /etc/pam.d/system-auth you might have a line that looks like this:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok


This should be changed to:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok nodelay


The pam_unix.so module is what performs authentication against /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. If youre using LDAP or some other password backend, you likely should still be setting nodelay on the pam_unix.so as that is what controls the prompt (when pam_unix.so fails to auth, it usually just passes the password it obtained to the next module).



You can read more about pam_unix.so by doing man pam_unix






share|improve this answer




















  • On my system system-auth did not exist; it was /etc/common-auth. Thanks!
    – Luc
    Jul 30 '16 at 20:41










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2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes








2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









21














I assume you are using Linux and pam. The delay is probably caused by pam_faildelay.so. Check your pam configuration in /etc/pam.d using pam_faildelay, e.g:



# Enforce a minimal delay in case of failure (in microseconds).
# (Replaces the `FAIL_DELAY' setting from login.defs)
# Note that other modules may require another minimal delay. (for example,
# to disable any delay, you should add the nodelay option to pam_unix)
auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=3000000


To change the time adjust the delay parameter. If you want to get rid of the delay you can delete/comment the complete line.



Another source for the delay may be pam_unix.so. To disable the delay caused by pam_unix.so add the nodelay parameter, and optionally add a line calling pam_faildelay.so to add a (variable) delay instead, e.g.:



auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=100000





share|improve this answer


















  • 2




    There is no mention of delay anywhere in /etc/pam.d/*. The closest thing I see is pam_tally.so which allows locking after some number of attempts. But I do have n /etc/login.defs, which might be what I need.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 16:53











  • @ShawnJ.Goff pam_tally.so does not cause an delay as far as i know. Another source for the dealy may be pam_unix.so - you can disable it with the nodelay option - see linux.die.net/man/8/pam_unix for more details
    – Ulrich Dangel
    Jun 16 '12 at 17:07







  • 1




    Adding the nodelay option to pam_unix.so and adding a new entry with pam_faildelay.so delay=$some_number lets me set whatever I want. Thanks!
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 22:13







  • 1




    Running fedora 23, I had to disable the pam_unix.so delay and start using the pam_faildelay.so one as @ShawnJ.Goff says. However, most pam.d configs have "This file is auto-generated. User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run." So where can I permanently configure the delay?
    – jozxyqk
    Jan 29 '16 at 7:34















21














I assume you are using Linux and pam. The delay is probably caused by pam_faildelay.so. Check your pam configuration in /etc/pam.d using pam_faildelay, e.g:



# Enforce a minimal delay in case of failure (in microseconds).
# (Replaces the `FAIL_DELAY' setting from login.defs)
# Note that other modules may require another minimal delay. (for example,
# to disable any delay, you should add the nodelay option to pam_unix)
auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=3000000


To change the time adjust the delay parameter. If you want to get rid of the delay you can delete/comment the complete line.



Another source for the delay may be pam_unix.so. To disable the delay caused by pam_unix.so add the nodelay parameter, and optionally add a line calling pam_faildelay.so to add a (variable) delay instead, e.g.:



auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=100000





share|improve this answer


















  • 2




    There is no mention of delay anywhere in /etc/pam.d/*. The closest thing I see is pam_tally.so which allows locking after some number of attempts. But I do have n /etc/login.defs, which might be what I need.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 16:53











  • @ShawnJ.Goff pam_tally.so does not cause an delay as far as i know. Another source for the dealy may be pam_unix.so - you can disable it with the nodelay option - see linux.die.net/man/8/pam_unix for more details
    – Ulrich Dangel
    Jun 16 '12 at 17:07







  • 1




    Adding the nodelay option to pam_unix.so and adding a new entry with pam_faildelay.so delay=$some_number lets me set whatever I want. Thanks!
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 22:13







  • 1




    Running fedora 23, I had to disable the pam_unix.so delay and start using the pam_faildelay.so one as @ShawnJ.Goff says. However, most pam.d configs have "This file is auto-generated. User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run." So where can I permanently configure the delay?
    – jozxyqk
    Jan 29 '16 at 7:34













21












21








21






I assume you are using Linux and pam. The delay is probably caused by pam_faildelay.so. Check your pam configuration in /etc/pam.d using pam_faildelay, e.g:



# Enforce a minimal delay in case of failure (in microseconds).
# (Replaces the `FAIL_DELAY' setting from login.defs)
# Note that other modules may require another minimal delay. (for example,
# to disable any delay, you should add the nodelay option to pam_unix)
auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=3000000


To change the time adjust the delay parameter. If you want to get rid of the delay you can delete/comment the complete line.



Another source for the delay may be pam_unix.so. To disable the delay caused by pam_unix.so add the nodelay parameter, and optionally add a line calling pam_faildelay.so to add a (variable) delay instead, e.g.:



auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=100000





share|improve this answer














I assume you are using Linux and pam. The delay is probably caused by pam_faildelay.so. Check your pam configuration in /etc/pam.d using pam_faildelay, e.g:



# Enforce a minimal delay in case of failure (in microseconds).
# (Replaces the `FAIL_DELAY' setting from login.defs)
# Note that other modules may require another minimal delay. (for example,
# to disable any delay, you should add the nodelay option to pam_unix)
auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=3000000


To change the time adjust the delay parameter. If you want to get rid of the delay you can delete/comment the complete line.



Another source for the delay may be pam_unix.so. To disable the delay caused by pam_unix.so add the nodelay parameter, and optionally add a line calling pam_faildelay.so to add a (variable) delay instead, e.g.:



auth optional pam_faildelay.so delay=100000






share|improve this answer














share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer








edited Dec 14 at 20:15









Tim

1635




1635










answered Jun 16 '12 at 16:44









Ulrich Dangel

20.3k25771




20.3k25771







  • 2




    There is no mention of delay anywhere in /etc/pam.d/*. The closest thing I see is pam_tally.so which allows locking after some number of attempts. But I do have n /etc/login.defs, which might be what I need.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 16:53











  • @ShawnJ.Goff pam_tally.so does not cause an delay as far as i know. Another source for the dealy may be pam_unix.so - you can disable it with the nodelay option - see linux.die.net/man/8/pam_unix for more details
    – Ulrich Dangel
    Jun 16 '12 at 17:07







  • 1




    Adding the nodelay option to pam_unix.so and adding a new entry with pam_faildelay.so delay=$some_number lets me set whatever I want. Thanks!
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 22:13







  • 1




    Running fedora 23, I had to disable the pam_unix.so delay and start using the pam_faildelay.so one as @ShawnJ.Goff says. However, most pam.d configs have "This file is auto-generated. User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run." So where can I permanently configure the delay?
    – jozxyqk
    Jan 29 '16 at 7:34












  • 2




    There is no mention of delay anywhere in /etc/pam.d/*. The closest thing I see is pam_tally.so which allows locking after some number of attempts. But I do have n /etc/login.defs, which might be what I need.
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 16:53











  • @ShawnJ.Goff pam_tally.so does not cause an delay as far as i know. Another source for the dealy may be pam_unix.so - you can disable it with the nodelay option - see linux.die.net/man/8/pam_unix for more details
    – Ulrich Dangel
    Jun 16 '12 at 17:07







  • 1




    Adding the nodelay option to pam_unix.so and adding a new entry with pam_faildelay.so delay=$some_number lets me set whatever I want. Thanks!
    – Shawn J. Goff
    Jun 16 '12 at 22:13







  • 1




    Running fedora 23, I had to disable the pam_unix.so delay and start using the pam_faildelay.so one as @ShawnJ.Goff says. However, most pam.d configs have "This file is auto-generated. User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run." So where can I permanently configure the delay?
    – jozxyqk
    Jan 29 '16 at 7:34







2




2




There is no mention of delay anywhere in /etc/pam.d/*. The closest thing I see is pam_tally.so which allows locking after some number of attempts. But I do have n /etc/login.defs, which might be what I need.
– Shawn J. Goff
Jun 16 '12 at 16:53





There is no mention of delay anywhere in /etc/pam.d/*. The closest thing I see is pam_tally.so which allows locking after some number of attempts. But I do have n /etc/login.defs, which might be what I need.
– Shawn J. Goff
Jun 16 '12 at 16:53













@ShawnJ.Goff pam_tally.so does not cause an delay as far as i know. Another source for the dealy may be pam_unix.so - you can disable it with the nodelay option - see linux.die.net/man/8/pam_unix for more details
– Ulrich Dangel
Jun 16 '12 at 17:07





@ShawnJ.Goff pam_tally.so does not cause an delay as far as i know. Another source for the dealy may be pam_unix.so - you can disable it with the nodelay option - see linux.die.net/man/8/pam_unix for more details
– Ulrich Dangel
Jun 16 '12 at 17:07





1




1




Adding the nodelay option to pam_unix.so and adding a new entry with pam_faildelay.so delay=$some_number lets me set whatever I want. Thanks!
– Shawn J. Goff
Jun 16 '12 at 22:13





Adding the nodelay option to pam_unix.so and adding a new entry with pam_faildelay.so delay=$some_number lets me set whatever I want. Thanks!
– Shawn J. Goff
Jun 16 '12 at 22:13





1




1




Running fedora 23, I had to disable the pam_unix.so delay and start using the pam_faildelay.so one as @ShawnJ.Goff says. However, most pam.d configs have "This file is auto-generated. User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run." So where can I permanently configure the delay?
– jozxyqk
Jan 29 '16 at 7:34




Running fedora 23, I had to disable the pam_unix.so delay and start using the pam_faildelay.so one as @ShawnJ.Goff says. However, most pam.d configs have "This file is auto-generated. User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run." So where can I permanently configure the delay?
– jozxyqk
Jan 29 '16 at 7:34













11














You need to pass the nodelay parameter to the auth pam_unix.so.



Depending on how your'e authenticating, where you need to set the parameter varies. However most linux distrubtions have something like /etc/pam.d/system-auth which is included by all the different files.



So for example in /etc/pam.d/system-auth you might have a line that looks like this:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok


This should be changed to:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok nodelay


The pam_unix.so module is what performs authentication against /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. If youre using LDAP or some other password backend, you likely should still be setting nodelay on the pam_unix.so as that is what controls the prompt (when pam_unix.so fails to auth, it usually just passes the password it obtained to the next module).



You can read more about pam_unix.so by doing man pam_unix






share|improve this answer




















  • On my system system-auth did not exist; it was /etc/common-auth. Thanks!
    – Luc
    Jul 30 '16 at 20:41















11














You need to pass the nodelay parameter to the auth pam_unix.so.



Depending on how your'e authenticating, where you need to set the parameter varies. However most linux distrubtions have something like /etc/pam.d/system-auth which is included by all the different files.



So for example in /etc/pam.d/system-auth you might have a line that looks like this:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok


This should be changed to:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok nodelay


The pam_unix.so module is what performs authentication against /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. If youre using LDAP or some other password backend, you likely should still be setting nodelay on the pam_unix.so as that is what controls the prompt (when pam_unix.so fails to auth, it usually just passes the password it obtained to the next module).



You can read more about pam_unix.so by doing man pam_unix






share|improve this answer




















  • On my system system-auth did not exist; it was /etc/common-auth. Thanks!
    – Luc
    Jul 30 '16 at 20:41













11












11








11






You need to pass the nodelay parameter to the auth pam_unix.so.



Depending on how your'e authenticating, where you need to set the parameter varies. However most linux distrubtions have something like /etc/pam.d/system-auth which is included by all the different files.



So for example in /etc/pam.d/system-auth you might have a line that looks like this:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok


This should be changed to:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok nodelay


The pam_unix.so module is what performs authentication against /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. If youre using LDAP or some other password backend, you likely should still be setting nodelay on the pam_unix.so as that is what controls the prompt (when pam_unix.so fails to auth, it usually just passes the password it obtained to the next module).



You can read more about pam_unix.so by doing man pam_unix






share|improve this answer












You need to pass the nodelay parameter to the auth pam_unix.so.



Depending on how your'e authenticating, where you need to set the parameter varies. However most linux distrubtions have something like /etc/pam.d/system-auth which is included by all the different files.



So for example in /etc/pam.d/system-auth you might have a line that looks like this:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok


This should be changed to:



auth sufficient pam_unix.so try_first_pass nullok nodelay


The pam_unix.so module is what performs authentication against /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. If youre using LDAP or some other password backend, you likely should still be setting nodelay on the pam_unix.so as that is what controls the prompt (when pam_unix.so fails to auth, it usually just passes the password it obtained to the next module).



You can read more about pam_unix.so by doing man pam_unix







share|improve this answer












share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer










answered Jun 16 '12 at 19:31









Patrick

49.8k11127178




49.8k11127178











  • On my system system-auth did not exist; it was /etc/common-auth. Thanks!
    – Luc
    Jul 30 '16 at 20:41
















  • On my system system-auth did not exist; it was /etc/common-auth. Thanks!
    – Luc
    Jul 30 '16 at 20:41















On my system system-auth did not exist; it was /etc/common-auth. Thanks!
– Luc
Jul 30 '16 at 20:41




On my system system-auth did not exist; it was /etc/common-auth. Thanks!
– Luc
Jul 30 '16 at 20:41

















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