mjhjmtu

Let $R$ be a ring. Since $R$ is also a group then we can talk about the group ring $R[R]$.
I want to understand this group ring $R[R]$.

An element $xin R[R]$ is written as a finite formal sum
$$x=r_1s_1+r_2s_2+cdots+r_ns_n$$
where both $r_i$ and $s_i$ are in $R$
but since the ring $R$ is closed under sum and multiplication, then it is clear that $xin R$. So can't we just say that the group ring $R[R]$ is equal to $R$?

It would be better to write elements of $R[R]$ in the form $$x=sum_sin Rr_se^s.$$ Since $e^se^t=e^s+t$, multiplication in $R[R]$ captures the group structure of $(R,+)$. It also avoids the confusion you are having.

It's important to remember that the linear combinations are formal in that the way we write it distinguishes coefficients from generators: the $r_i$'s are coefficients, and the $s_i$'s are basis elements.

Their juxtaposition does not denote multiplication in $R$, but rather that $r_i$ is the coefficient at the base element $s_i$.

One can form a group ring over the additive group $(R,+)$ or a monoid ring over the monoid $(R,cdot)$, so the notation above is a little ambiguous. It would perhaps be beneficial to just forget that $R$ is a ring and talk about its underlying abelian group $A$ (or use $M$ if you're doing the monoid instead.)