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November 18: Westminster Bridge is opened.

1750 (MDCCL)
was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1750th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 750th year of the 2nd millennium, the 50th year of the 18th century, and the 1st year of the 1750s decade. As of the start of 1750, the Gregorian calendar was
11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Various sources, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, use the year 1750 as a baseline year for the end of the pre-industrial era.^[1][2][3]

Events

January–March

• 
  January 13 – The Treaty of Madrid between Spain and Portugal authorizes a larger Brazil than had the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494, which originally established the boundaries of the Portuguese and Spanish territories in South America.


• 
  January 24 – A fire in Istanbul destroys 10,000 homes. ^[4]


• 
  February 15 – After Spain and Portugal agree that the Uruguay River will be the boundary line between the two kingdoms' territory in South America, the Spanish Governor orders the Jesuits to vacate seven Indian missions along the river (San Angel, San Nicolas, San Luis, San Lorenzo, San Miguel, San Juan and San Borja). ^[5]


• 
  March 5 – The Murray-Kean Company, a troupe of actors from Philadelphia, gives the first performance of a play announced in advance in a newspaper, presenting Richard III at New York City's Nassau Street Theatre ^[6].


• 
  March 20 – The first number of Samuel Johnson's The Rambler appears.

April–June

• 
  April 4 – A small earthquake hits Warrington, England.


• 
  April 13 – Dr. Thomas Walker and five other men (Ambrose Powell, Colby Chew, William Tomlinson, Henry Lawless and John Hughes) cross through the Cumberland Gap, a mountain pass through the Appalachian Mountains, to become the first white people to venture into territories that had been inhabited exclusively by various Indian tribes ^[7]. On April 17, Walker's party continues through what is now Kentucky and locates the Cumberland River, which Walker names in honor of Prince William, Duke of Cumberland.


• 
  April 14 – A group of West African slaves, bound for America, successfully overpowers the British crew of the slave ship Snow Ann, imprisons the survivors, and then navigates the ship back to Cape Lopez in Gabon ^[8]. Upon regaining their freedom, the rebels leave the survivors on the Gabonese coast.


• 
  April 25 – The Acadian settlement in Beaubassin, Nova Scotia, is destroyed by French-backed armies, and the population is forcibly relocated, after France and Great Britain agree that the Missaguash River should be the new boundary between French Nova Scotia and British New Brunswick ^[9]


• 
  May 16 – Riots break out in Paris, France, fueled by rumors of police abducting children. ^[10]

July–December

• 
  July 9 – Traveller Jonas Hanway leaves St. Petersburg to return home, via Germany and the Netherlands. Later the same year, Hanway reputedly becomes the first Englishman to use an umbrella (a French fashion).


• 
  July 11 – Halifax, Nova Scotia is almost completely destroyed by fire.


• 
  July 31 – José I takes over the throne of Portugal from his deceased father, João V. King José Manuel appoints the Marquis of Pombal as his Chief Minister, who then strips the Inquisition of its power.


• 
  August 23 – A small earthquake hits Spalding, Lincolnshire, England.^{[citation needed]}


• 
  September 30 – A small earthquake hits Northampton, England.^{[citation needed]}


• 
  November 11 – A riot breaks out in Lhasa, Tibet, after the murder of the regent of Tibet.


• 
  November 18 – Westminster Bridge is officially opened in London.^[11]

Date unknown

• 
  Hannah Snell reveals her sex to her Royal Marines compatriots.


• The King of Dahomey has income of 250,000 pounds from the overseas export of slaves.


• 
  Maruyama Okyo paints The Ghost of Oyuki.


• 
  Britain produces c. 2% of the entire world's output of industrial goods, and the Industrial Revolution begins.^{[citation needed]}


• 
  Galley slavery is abolished in Europe.^[12]


• 
  World population: 791,000,000
  
  • 
    Africa: 106,000,000
  
  
  • 
    Asia: 502,000,000
  
  
  • 
    Europe: 163,000,000
  
  
  • 
    Latin-America: 16,000,000
  
  
  • 
    Northern America: 2,000,000
  
  
  • 
    Oceania: 2,000,000
  
  

Births

• 
  January 1 – Frederick Muhlenberg, first speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1801)


• 
  January 24 – Nicolas Bergasse, French lawyer (d. 1832)


• 
  January 24 – Helen Gloag, Scottish-born slave Empress of Morocco (d. 1790)


• 
  March 16 – Caroline Herschel, German astronomer (d. 1848)


• 
  April – Joanna Southcott, British religious fanatic (d. 1814)


• 
  April 17 – François de Neufchâteau, French statesman, intellectual figure (d. 1828)


• 
  May 2 – John André, British Army officer of the American Revolutionary War (d. 1780)


• 
  May 20 – Stephen Girard, French-American banker, fourth richest American of all time (d. 1831)


• 
  May 31 – Karl August von Hardenberg, Prussian politician (d. 1822)


• 
  July 5 – Aimé Argand, Swiss physicist, inventor (d. 1803)


• 
  July 9 – Louise Marie Thérèse Bathilde d'Orléans, last princess of Condé (d.1822)


• 
  July 25 – Henry Knox, military officer of the Continental Army and later the United States Army, 1st United States Secretary of War (b. 1806)

Antonio Salieri

• 
  August 18 – Antonio Salieri, Italian composer (d. 1825)


• 
  August 26 – Princess Marie Zéphyrine of France, infant sister of Louis XVI (d. 1755)


• 
  September 26 – Cuthbert Collingwood, 1st Baron Collingwood, British admiral (d. 1810)


• 
  October 25 – Marie Le Masson Le Golft, French naturalist (b. 1826)


• 
  October 31 – Leonor de Almeida Portugal, 4th Marquise of Alorna, Portuguese painter and poet (d. 1839)


• 
  November 7 – Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg, German poet (d. 1819)

Tipu Sultan

• 
  November 10 – Tipu Sultan, Sultan of Mysore (d. 1799)


• 
  December 23 – Frederick Augustus I of Saxony (d. 1827)


• 
  date unknown
  
  • 
    Toypurina, Medicine woman of the Tongva nation and rebel leader (d. 1799)
  
  
  • 
    Adwaita, Oldest tortoise (d. 2006) (alleged birth year; awaiting C-14 verification)
  
  
  • 
    Urszula Zamoyska, Polish noblewoman and socialite (d. 1808)
  
  
  • 
    Elizabeth Ryves, Irish writer and translator (d. 1797)
  
  

Deaths

• 
  January 16 – Ivan Trubetskoy, Russian field marshal (b. 1667)


• 
  January 22 – Franz Xaver Josef von Unertl, Bavarian politician (b. 1675)


• 
  January 23 – Ludovico Antonio Muratori, Italian historian and scholar (b. 1672)


• 
  January 26 – Albert Schultens, Dutch philologist (b. 1686)


• 
  January 29 – Sophia Schröder, Swedish soprano (b. 1712)


• 
  February 7 – Algernon Seymour, 7th Duke of Somerset (b. 1684)


• 
  February 8 – Aaron Hill, English writer (b. 1685)


• 
  February 19 – Jan Frans van Bredael, Flemish painter (b. 1686)


• 
  March 6 – Domenico Montagnana, Italian luthier (b. 1686)


• 
  March 29 – James Jurin, British mathematician, doctor (b. 1684)


• 
  April 7 – George Byng, 3rd Viscount Torrington, British Army general (b. 1701)


• 
  May 3 – John Willison, Scottish minister, writer (b. 1680)


• 
  May 17 – Georg Engelhard Schröder, Swedish artist (b. 1684)


• 
  May 28 – Emperor Sakuramachi of Japan (b. 1720)


• 
  June 15 – Marguerite de Launay, baronne de Staal, French author (b. 1684)


• 
  July 15 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian statesman, ethnographer (b. 1686)

Johann Sebastian Bach

• 
  July 28
  
  • 
    Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer (b. 1685)
  
  
  • 
    Conyers Middleton, English minister (b. 1683)
  
  


• 
  July 31 – King John V of Portugal (b. 1689)


• 
  August 8 – Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond, English aristocrat, philanthropist and cricket patron (b. 1701)


• 
  August 12 – Rachel Ruysch, Dutch painter (b. 1664)


• 
  September 15 – Charles Theodore Pachelbel, German composer (b. 1690)


• 
  October 3 – Georg Matthias Monn, Austrian composer (b. 1717)


• 
  October 16 – Sylvius Leopold Weiss, German composer, lutenist (b. 1687)


• 
  November 1 – Gustaaf Willem van Imhoff, Dutch Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1705)


• 
  December 1 – Johann Gabriel Doppelmayr, German mathematician, astronomer, and cartographer (b. 1671)


• 
  December 13 – Philemon Ewer, English shipbuilder (b. 1702)


• 
  December 16
  
  • 
    Nasir Jang Mir Ahmad, son of Turkic noble Nizam-ul-Mulk (b. 1712)
  
  
  • 
    Nasir Jung, Head of Hyderabad State (b. 1712)
  
  

References

Further reading

• 
  John Blair; J. Willoughby Rosse (1856). "1750". Blair's Chronological Tables. London: H.G. Bohn – via Hathi Trust.