Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
Silver sulfide (Ag 2S) is the sulfide of silver. It is useful as a photosensitizer in photography.
Contents
1Properties
2Miscellanea
3Structure
4References
5External links
Properties
This dense black solid constitutes the tarnish that forms over time on silverware and other silver objects.[8] Silver sulfide is insoluble in all solvents, but is degraded by strong acids. Silver sulfide is a network solid made up of silver (electronegativity of 1.98) and sulfur (electronegativity of 2.58) where the bonds have low ionic character (approximately 10%).
Miscellanea
It is a component of classical qualitative inorganic analysis.[9]
When combined with silver, hydrogen sulfide gas creates a layer of black silver sulfide patina on the silver, protecting the inner silver from further conversion to silver sulfide. [10]
Silver whiskers can form when silver sulfide forms on the surface of silver electrical contacts operating in an atmosphere rich in hydrogen sulfide and high humidity.[11] Such atmospheres can exist in sewage treatment and paper mills.[12][13]
Structure
Three forms are known: monoclinic acanthite (β-form), stable below 179 °C, body centered cubic so-called argentite (α-form), stable above 180 °C, and a high temperature face-centred cubic (γ-form) stable above 586 °C.[5] The higher temperature forms are electrical conductors. It is found in nature as relatively low temperature mineral acanthite. Acanthite is an important ore of silver. In the acanthite, monoclinic, form there are two crystallographically distinct silver atoms with two and three near neighbour sulfur atoms respectively.[14] The name argentite refers to a cubic form, which, due to instability in "normal" temperatures, is found in form of the pseudomorphosis of acanthite after argentite.
^ abcdSigma-Aldrich Co., Silver sulfide. Retrieved on 2014-07-13.
^ abcdTonkov, E. Yu (1992). High Pressure Phase Transformations: A Handbook. 1. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers. p. 13. ISBN 2-88124-761-X.
^Comey, Arthur Messinger; Hahn, Dorothy A. (February 1921). A Dictionary of Chemical Solubilities: Inorganic (2nd ed.). New York: The MacMillan Company. p. 835.
^ abcde"Silver sulfide (Ag2S) crystal structure". 41C. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 1998: 1–4. doi:10.1007/10681727_86. ISBN 978-3-540-31360-1.
^ abcdPradyot, Patnaik (2003). Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. p. 845. ISBN 0-07-049439-8.
^"MSDS of Silver Sulfide". saltlakemetals.com. Utah, USA: Salt Lake Metals. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
^"Silver". chemistryexplained.com. Advameg, Inc. Retrieved 2014-07-13.
^Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
^Zumdahl, Steven S.; DeCoste, Donald J. (2013). Chemical Principles (7th ed.). p. 505. ISBN 978-1-111-58065-0.
^"Degradation of Power Contacts in Industrial Atmosphere: Silver Corrosion and Whiskers" (PDF). 2002.
^Dutta, Paritam K.; Rabaey, Korneel; Yuan, Zhiguo; Rozendal, René A.; Keller, Jürg (2010). "Electrochemical sulfide removal and recovery from paper mill anaerobic treatment effluent". Water Research. 44 (8): 2563–2571. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2010.01.008. ISSN 0043-1354.
^"Control of Hydrogen Sulfide Generation | Water & Wastes Digest". www.wwdmag.com. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
^FRUEH, A. J. (1958). The crystallography of silver sulfide, Ag2S. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie-Crystalline Materials, 110(1-6), 136-144.
External links
Tarnishing of Silver: A Short Review V&A Conservation Journal
Images of silver whiskers NASA
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Silver sulfide.
v
t
e
Silver compounds
Silver(0,I)
Ag2F
Silver(I)
AgBF4
AgBr
AgBrO3
AgCN
AgCNO
AgCl
AgClO
AgClO2
AgClO3
AgClO4
AgF
AgI
AgIO3
AgMnO4
AgNO2
AgNO3
AgN3
Ag3N
AgReO4
AgSCN
AgCF3SO3
AgPF6
Ag2CO3
Ag2C2
Ag2C2O4
Ag2CrO4
Ag2MoO4
Ag2O
Ag2S
Ag2SO3
Ag2S2O3
Ag2SO4
AgHSO4
Ag2Se
Ag2SeO3
Ag2Te
Ag3AsO4
Ag3PO4
KAg(CN)2
RbAg4I5
Ag(NH3)2NO3
Ag2N2O2
Organosilver(I) compounds
AgC2H3O2
AgC22H43O2
AgC4H3N2NSO2C6H4NH2
Silver(II)
AgF2
Silver(III)
Ag2O3
AgF3
Ag2S3
Silver(I,III)
Ag4O4
v
t
e
Sulfides
H2S H2S2
He
Li2S
BeS
B2S3
CS2 COS
(NH4)SH
O
F
Ne
Na2S Na2Sx
MgS
Al2S3
SiS SiS2
PxSy
S
Cl
Ar
K2S
CaS
Sc2S3
TiS2
V
CrS Cr2S3
MnS MnS2
FeS Fe3S4
CoS
NiS
Cu2S CuS
ZnS
GaS Ga2S3
GeS GeS2
As2S3 As4S3
SeS2
Br
Kr
Rb2S
SrS
Y2S3
ZrS2
NbS2
MoS2
Tc
Ru
Rh2S3
PdS
Ag2S
CdS
In2S3
SnS SnS2
Sb2S3 Sb2S5
TeS2
I
Xe
Cs2S
BaS
*
HfS2
TaS2
WS2 WS3
ReS2 Re2S7
Os
Ir2S3
PtS PtS2
Au
HgS
Tl2S
PbS PbS2
Bi2S3
Po
At
Rn
Fr
Ra
**
Rf
Db
Sg
Bh
Hs
Mt
Ds
Rg
Cn
Nh
Fl
Mc
Lv
Ts
Og
↓
*
La2S3
CeS Ce2S3
Pr2S3
Nd2S3
Pm2S3
SmS Sm2S3
Eu2S3
Gd2S3
Tb2S3
Dy2S3
Ho2S3
Er2S3
Tm2S3
Yb2S3
Lu2S3
**
Ac
ThS2
Pa
US2
Np
Pu
Am
Cm
Bk
Cf
Es
Fm
Md
No
Lr
Authority control
GND: 4181351-0
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